辽宁保护地土传病虫害发病现状及防治方法

辽宁日光温室蔬菜的面积和产量均为全国第一,随着设施农业的发展,由病虫害造成的损失占总产量的25%～30%。介绍辽宁省保护地土传病虫害的发生情况,对客土、辣茬、灌根、嫁接、稻菜复种、蒸汽消毒、太阳能消毒、土壤熏蒸等防治方法的优缺点进行比较,提出氯化苦、石灰稻草消毒、嫁接这3种措施防治土传病虫害效果好,适于大面积推广。

Present State of Soil-born Diseases and Insect Pests in Sheltered Land in Liaoning and Treatment Methods

Liaoning comes first in planted vegetable areas and yields of solar greenhouse.With the growth of facility agriculture,soil-born diseases and insect pests strike more often,which results in yield loss of 25%～30% of the total.This article presents the present state of soil-born diseases and insect pests in Liaoning province,makes comparisons on the advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods,including covering with other soil for melioration,spicy stubbly,irrigating root,grafting,vegetable and rice multiple cropping,steam sterilization,solar energy sterilization,and soil fumigation.The author points out that chloropicrin sterilization,lime straw sterilization and grafting achieve better results and there is a substantial increase in yields,which should be promoted vigorously.