施有机肥及套袋对鸭梨果实风味品质的影响

为探讨施有机肥和套袋对鸭梨果实风味品质的影响，采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）及高效液相色谱技术（HPLC），研究了生长期施有机肥和套袋对鸭梨果实挥发性成分、 糖类和有机酸组分等风味物质的组成和含量的影响。结果表明， 供试鸭梨共检测到挥发性物质3类30种，其中酯类26种、 烯类3种、 醇类1种。施有机肥和套袋改变了鸭梨果实的特征香气成分的种类和含量。施用有机肥使套袋和不套袋鸭梨香气物质种类分别增加8种和6种，香气物质总量分别增加182.89%和127.16%。套袋使施有机肥和复合肥鸭梨的香气物质种类分别减少了8种和10种，香气物质总量分别减少66.32%和72.98%。不同处理鸭梨共检测到4种糖、 7种有机酸组分，其中糖组分主要为果糖，其次为蔗糖、 山梨醇、 葡萄糖; 有机酸组分主要为苹果酸，其次为乙酸、 柠檬酸、 莽草酸、 奎宁酸、 酒石酸、 琥珀酸。施用有机肥使鸭梨糖总量和酸总量升高，套袋使鸭梨糖总量和有机酸总量降低。施有机肥使鸭梨果实香气物质种类和含量增加，糖类和有机酸含量升高，而套袋使鸭梨果实香气物质种类和含量减少，糖类和有机酸含量降低。

Effect of organic fertilizer and bagging on fruit flavor quality of Yali pear

An experiment was performed to investigate the effect of organic fertilizer and bagging on fruit flavor quality of Yali Pear. The effect of organic fertilizer and bagging on the ingredients and contents of volatile compound, sugar and organic acid in Yali pear fruits were bagged and used organic fertilizer in growing were studied, using static headspace and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The thirty different ingredients of volatiles were detected in Yali pear fruit, including 26 esters, 3 alkenes and 1 alcohol. Organic fertilizer increased but bagging decreased the ingredients and the contents of volatiles in Yali pear fruit. In comparison with compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer increased 8 and 6 volatile ingredients of bagged and not bagged Yali pear fruit, respectively, and increased the contents of volatiles by 182.89% and 127.16% in bagged and unbagged Yali pear fruit, respectively. Bagging reduced 8 and 10 volatile ingredientsin organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer treated Yali pear fruit, respectively, and reduced the contents of volatiles by 66.32% and 72.96% in organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer treated Yali pear fruit, respectively. Four sugar ingredients with fructose being the dominating followed by sucrose, sorbitol and glucose and 7 organic acids with malic acid being the most aboudent followed by acetic, citric，shikimic acid, quinic acid，tartaric acid，succinic acid were detected in Yali pear fruit. Organic fertilizer increased but bagging decreased the contents of sugars and organic acids. Organic fertilizer increased but bagging decreased the ingredients and the contents of volatiles in Yali pear fruit. Organic fertilizer increased but bagging decreased the contents of sugars and organic acids in Yali pear fruit.