水稻同源多倍体的研究策略

在同源多倍体水稻的研究中存在3大局限性,即思想观念的局限性、材料数量(或材料类型)的局限性和技术思路的局限性。在对同源三倍体水稻和同源四倍体水稻的研究中发现了值得注意的4种奇特现象,即同源三倍体水稻的结籽现象及其倍性的遗传稳定性、在异倍性水稻间的杂交后代中早世代性状稳定遗传的现象、在隔离条件下同源四倍体的胚自发现象和离子束注入后同源四倍体水稻单株的高结实现象。为了挖掘同源多倍体水稻的潜在利用价值,在今后的研究中有如下4条途径值得探索,即探索直接利用同源四倍体水稻的可能性、探索利用同源四倍体水稻杂种优势的可能性、探索以同源多倍体水稻为桥梁完成异源遗传物质转移和丰富水稻基因库的可能性及探索同源多倍体水稻特征特性的遗传规律。

Strategy of the Research on Autopolyploid Rice

There exist three limitations,i.e.,the limitations in ideology,materials(the number or the type) and technical approaches,in the research of autopolyploid rice.The authors discovered four peculiar phenomena,i.e.,the self seed-setting and its genetic stability of the autotriploid rice,the early-generation stabilization in the cross between alloploid rices,the self embryogenesis of autoteraploid rice under isolated conditions,and a high seed-setting percentage in some plants of autotetraploid rice after the treatment of ion beam,in the research of autotriploid and autotetraploid rices.To explore the potential values of autopolyploid rice,the authors thought that it was worth studying more in the following four aspects: the possibility in direct utilization of autotetraploid rice,the possibility in utilization of heterosis of autotetraploid rice,the possibility in transfer of allogenic substances and the enrichment of rice gene pool by using autopolyploid rice as the bridging parent,and the genetic rules of important characters in autopolyploid rice.