多胺、MGBG、水杨酸对鸭梨和雪花梨花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响

采用液体培养法研究了3种多胺—精胺(Spm)、亚精胺(Spd)、腐胺(Put)以及多胺合成抑制荆—甲基乙二醛-双-鸟苷基腙(MGBG)和水杨酸(SA)对鸭梨、雪花梨花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明,Spm促进鸭梨、雪花梨花粉萌发和花粉管生长的浓度分别为0.005～0.01 mmol/L和0.005～0.05 mmol/L。Spd对鸭梨花粉萌发促进作用的浓度为0.01～0.25 mmol/L。在试验Spd浓度范围内,花粉管长度均显著或极显著长于对照;促进雪花梨花粉萌发和花粉管生长的Spd浓度范围为0.01～0.25 mmol/L。促进鸭梨和雪花梨花粉萌发的Put浓度范围是0.01～0.5 mmol/L,促进二者花粉管生长的Put浓度范围分别为0.01～0.5 mmol/L和0.01～0.25 mmol/L。MGBG只有在0.05 mmol/L时促进这鸭梨和雪花梨花粉萌发,其它浓度均抑制二者花粉萌发;MGBG浓度在0.25 mmol/L以下时,均极显著促进鸭梨花粉管的生长;在0.05 mmol/L时对雪花梨花粉管的生长无抑制,其它浓度均极显著抑制了雪花梨花粉管的生长。在设定的SA浓度范围内,鸭梨萌发率均显著或极显著高于对照,以0.005 mmol/L最好;SA对鸭梨花粉管生长的促进以0.005 mmol/L最有效;促进雪花梨花粉萌发的SA浓度范围是0.025～0.05 mmol/L,但SA对雪花梨花粉管生长基本无促进作用。

Effects of polyamines, MGBG and salicylic acid on pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Yali pear and Xuehuali pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.)

Effects of polyamines,including spermine(Spm),spermidine(Spd)and putrescine(Put) and their synthesis inhibitor methyl-(glyoxal)-bis-guanylhydrazone(MGBG)and salicylic acid(SA) on in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth of pear cultivars of Yali pear and Xuehuali pear were studied by liquid media cultivation.The results showed that the concentrations of sper- mine that promoted pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Yali pear and Xuehuali pear were 0.005-0.01 mmol/L and 0.005-0.05 mmol/L respectively;the concentrations of spermidine that promoted pollen germination of Yali pear were 0.01-0.25 mmol/L,at the tested range of spermi- dine concentrations,pollen tube length of Yali pear was longer than that of control significantly or very significantly;the concentrations of spermidine that promoted pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Xuehuali pear were 0.01-0.25 mmol/L;the concentrations of putrescine that pro- moted pollen germination of the two pear cultivars were 0.01-0.5 mmol/L,and the concentrations that promoted pollen tube growth were 0.01-0.5 mmol/L and 0.01-0.25 mmol/L.When the concentration of MGBG was in 0.05 mmol/L,it promoted pollen germination of the two pear culti- vars,and other concentrations inhibited pollen germination;when the concentrations of MGBG be- low 0.25 mmol/L,it promoted pollen tube growth of Yali pear very significantly,and when it was in 0.05 mmol/L,it didn't inhibited pollen tube growth of Xuehauli pear,but in other concentra- tions,it inhibited pollen tube growth of Xuehauli pear very significantly.In the range of tested SA concentrations,percentages of pollen germination of Yali pear were higher than that of control sig- nificantly or very significantly,and the best was 0.005 mmol/L;the suitable SA concentration that promoted pollen tube growth was 0.005 mmol/L;the concentrations of SA that promoted pollen germination of Xuehauli were 0.025-0.05 mmol/L;but didn't promote its pollen tube growth.