水产养殖水体循环利用过程中碱度的变化及调控

水体中的碱度水平能通过改变水体中某些物质的存在形态进而影响养殖对象,也会通过影响养殖水体的自养硝化、异养反硝化和氨氮异养同化过程的效率进而对养殖对象产生影响。本文首先概述了水产养殖水体中碱度的标准,根据水体中微生物学过程、光合作用、呼吸作用对碱度的影响及碱度与pH、CO_2、硬度等水质指标的紧密联系,对循环利用的养殖水体中碱度的变化规律和调控策略进行总结。养殖水循环利用过程中碱度会明显降低,通过补充碱度或者替换新水的方式提高养殖水体中碱度到一定的水平,以满足自养硝化和氨氮的同化过程所消耗的碱度从而实现养殖水体的原位净化。关于养殖用水循环利用过程中碱度的变化机制和规律需开展大量基础的研究,为实现循环利用水体碱度控制和维持循环水高密度养殖系统pH的稳定提供参考。

Changes and control of alkalinity in the process of utilize recycling aquaculture water

The alkalinity level can affect the aquaculture objects by changing the statues of certain substances in water, meanwhile, it can also affect the efficiency of autotrophic nitrification, heterotrophic denitrification and ammonia-nitrogen heterotrophic assimilation.The standard of alkalinity in aquaculture water was summarized and given in the current re-view.According to the microbial process, photosynthesis and respiration on alkalinity and the relationship between alkalini-ty and pH, CO2, water hardness and other water quality indicators, aquaculture water alkalinity changes regularity and control strategies was summarized.The alkalinity in the re-use of aquaculture water will be significantly reduced, it can be improved to a certain level by adding alkalinity or replacing the new water to supply the alkalinity consumption of the auto-trophic nitrification and ammonia assimilation process and achieve in-situ purification of cultured water.It is necessary to carry out a large amount of basic researches on the mechanism and regularity of alkalinity in the process of reclaiming aqua-culture, so that the references will be provied for realizing the alkalinity control of water reuse and maintaining the pH sta-bility of circulating high density aquaculture system.