钾钙镁营养对香蕉产量、品质及贮藏性的影响

香蕉是嗜K作物,养分需求最大的4种元素为KNCaMg,而K、Ca、Mg三者间存在交互作用。本文研究了不同K、Ca、Mg营养条件下香蕉产量、品质及其贮藏性的变化,结果表明:适量配施K、Ca、Mg肥能有效促进香蕉果实的生长发育,提高香蕉果实品质及产量;有效降低香蕉果皮多酚氧化酶活性、果皮丙二醛含量和果肉淀粉酶活性,减少贮藏过程中的重量损失,延缓香蕉果实的衰老进程,提高香蕉果实的耐贮藏性。在广东省高州市香蕉产区,为实现香蕉高产优质耐贮藏,适宜施肥量为K2O990kg·hm-2,Mg37.5kg·hm-2,Ca90.0kg·hm-2。

Effect of potassium, calcium and magnesium on yield, quality,and storage property of banana

Banana is a high potash-consuming crop. Potassium, nitrogen, calcium and magnesium are the four most vital nutrients for banana. And potassium, calcium and magnesium nutrient supplement one another. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of potassium, calcium and magnesium application doses on banana plant growth, and fruit yield, quality and storage. The study shows that proper potassium, calcium and magnesium application doses promote banana growth, and enhance fruit yield and quality. And membrane lipid polyphenol oxidase activity and MDA content in peel, and amylase activity in pulp of banana fruit are debased under proper potassium, calcium and magnesium application doses. Various and simultaneous treatments also reduce weight loss during banana fruit storage, retarding ageing and increasing storability of banana fruit. To achieve high banana yield, quality and storability in Gaozhou City and the larger Guangdong Province, the simultaneous application of 990 kg·hm^-2 of K₂O, 37.5 kg·hm^-2 of Mg and 90.0 kg·hm^-2 of Ca are recommended.