家鸡染色体的研究——品种间组型的比较分析

本文作者采用取骨髓制备染色体的方法,对星布罗鸡、来航鸡、罗斯及狼山鸡四个品种的家鸡的染色体数目、组型进行了研究。结果表明,四个品种的染色体数目相同,(2 n=78),性染色体组成也相同(雌性为 ZW,雄性为 ZZ),10对大染色体的组型也基本相同。总之,家鸡染色体的形态在大型染色体上品种之间未出现明显差异;这一结果证实了鸟类染色体在演化过程中.同哺乳动物相比表现出较高的保守性的观点。作者认为染色体研究结果应用于家鸡育种工作的前景相对较小。

The studies of the Chromosomes in Gallus Domesticus——Comparison of the Chromosomal Complements Among Four Breeds

Using the mathods of preparing chromosomes from the marrow cells,the chromosomal numbers and the complements of Langshan,Ross,White Leghorn and Starbro have been studied.It was showed that the chromosomal numbers(2n≠78) and the complements of sex-chromosomes (ZW in female and ZZ in male)of these four breeds were in common.The morphology of the 10 pairs of macrochremosomes were identical. According to these results,it seemed that there were no obvious difference among these four breeds on the macrochromosomal morphology.These results confirmed the viewpoint that the chromosomes in birds were more stable in their evolutions than those in mammals.The authors consider that there is little vista for using the results of the chromosomal studies in chicken breeding.