互联网信息技术使用对农业生产率的影响分析——以江西省水稻种植户为例

利用江西省549份水稻种植户数据,采用普通最小二乘法(OLS)、倾向得分匹配法(PSM),从微观层面分析互联网信息技术使用对水稻农业生产率的影响。研究结果表明,使用互联网信息技术可以显著提高水稻的土地生产率和全要素生产率,但是增产效应大于增效的效应。使用倾向得分匹配方法对比基准回归结果后,仍然得到了一致结论。异质性结果表明,考虑农户教育水平差异,互联网信息技术使用仅对较低教育水平农户土地生产率的促进作用显著,对全要素生产率的提升效应仅对较高教育水平农户显著;考虑农业经营规模差异,互联网信息技术使用仅对规模较大户的土地生产率和全要素生产率提升作用显著,在适度扩大土地经营规模的条件下,互联网信息技术的增产效应大于效率提升效应。因此需要持续推进农村互联网及配套基础设施建设,同时提高农民文化素养、鼓励规模经营,提升农民从互联网获取农业信息、技术的能力与需求。

Analysis of the impact of use of internet information technology on agricultural productivity: a case study of rice farmers in Jiangxi Province,China

Based on the data of 549 rice growers in Jiangxi Province, this paper used ordinary least squares (OLS) and propensity score matching (PSM) methods to analyze the impact of the use of internet information technology on agricultural productivity of rice at the micro level. The results showed that the use of internet information technology could significantly improve the land productivity and total factor productivity of rice, but the effect of increasing productivity was greater than that of increasing efficiency. After comparing the benchmark regression results and the propensity score matching method, we still got a consistent conclusion. The heterogeneity results showed that considering the differences in farmers' education levels, the use of internet information technology only significantly promoted the land productivity of farmers with lower education levels and only significantly improved the total factor productivity of farmers with higher education levels. Considering the difference in agricultural operation scale, the use of internet information technology only significantly improved the land productivity and total factor productivity of larger households. Under the condition of moderately expanding the scale of land operation, the effect of internet information technology on increasing production was greater than that of improving efficiency. Therefore, it was necessary to continuously promote the construction of rural internet and supporting infrastructure, improve farmers' cultural literacy, encourage large-scale operations, and increase the ability and demand to obtain agricultural information and technology from the internet.