低钙胁迫对胎猪脂质代谢的影响

猪群的钙磷代谢紊乱是影响猪场经济效益的长久问题之一。妊娠母猪缺钙易致猪群的生产性能下降，其仔猪出生后的育肥效果又相对较差，进一步造成生产利润的丢失。本文就妊娠母猪发生钙流失对胎猪脂质代谢方面的影响进行了深入地研究。试验将20头健康的7～8胎龄母猪随机分为对照组（control，CON）和低钙组（low-calcium，LCa），每组10头作生物学重复。按不同钙磷比配置日粮，于母猪妊娠第85天连续饲喂至第114天分娩。仔猪出生后立即采集其血液和肝肾组织样本。运用代谢组学技术分析仔猪代谢通路的变化；生化仪检测血清中的脂类物质；ELISA方法检测脂质代谢指标；荧光定量检测脂质代谢相关基因的表达。结果表明：低钙胁迫主要影响了胎猪的甘油磷脂代谢通路，同时对脂肪酸代谢及棕榈酸的合成等也造成了一定的干扰；仔猪血清中脂类物质的含量无明显变化（P>0.05）；低钙胁迫显著影响了胎猪体内FAS、Visfatin以及Resistin的分泌（P<0.05）；低钙组仔猪肝中SCD、LDLR，肾中SCD、FABP4、HSD17B12以及ABCC4基因的mRNA表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。以上结果提示，妊娠母猪缺钙可致使胎猪脂质代谢受影响，可能会不利于其生长发育。

Effects of Low Calcium Stress on Lipid Metabolism in Fetal Pigs

The disorder of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in pigs is one of the long-term problems affecting the economic efficiency of pig farms. Calcium deficiency of pregnant sows leads to a decline in the production performance of the pigs, and the fattening effect of piglets is relatively poor, further resulting in the loss of production profit. The effects of calcium loss in pregnant sows on lipid metabolism in fetal pigs were studied in this paper. In this paper, the effect of calcium loss in pregnant sows on lipid metabolism in fetal pigs was studied. Twenty healthy sows with 7-8 gestational age were randomly divided into control group (CON, n=10) and low-calcium group (LCa, n=10). The sows were continuously fed according to different Ca/P ratio from the 85th day of gestation to the 114th day of delivery. The blood, liver and kidney tissue samples were collected from piglets immediately after birth. Metabolomics was used to analyze the changes of metabolic pathways in piglets. Lipids and lipid metabolism in serum were detected by biochemical apparatus and ELISA, respectively. The expression of lipid metabolism-related genes was detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed that low calcium stress mainly affected glycerol phospholipid metabolism pathway of fetal pigs, and also interfered fatty acid metabolism and palmitic acid synthesis; while, there was no significant change in serum lipid content of piglets (P>0.05). Low calcium stress significantly affected the secretion of FAS, Visfatin and Resistin in fetal pigs (P<0.05). The mRNA expressions of SCD, LDLR, SCD, FABP4, HSD17B12 and ABCC4 in liver and kidney of piglets were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in low calcium group. These results indicated that calcium deficiency in pregnant sows can affect the lipid metabolism of fetal pigs, which may be detrimental to their growth and development.