防治蔬菜灰霉病枯草芽胞杆菌BAB-1水分散片剂的研制

枯草芽胞杆菌BAB-1是一株有效防治蔬菜灰霉病和白粉病的生防细菌。为提高该菌株的应用潜力，本研究以BAB-1菌株为有效成分开展水分散片剂的研制。通过生物相容性试验、正交试验和单因素试验对崩解剂、粘结剂及分散剂进行筛选，最终确定100亿CFU/g枯草芽胞杆菌BAB-1水分散片剂的适宜配方为酒石酸5%、碳酸氢钠25%、氯化钠0.5%、乳糖5%、PEG6000 2%、NNO 4%，BAB-1母药补足至100%。质量检测结果表明，该水分散片剂崩解时间为272.17 s，pH值为5.75，悬浮率为73.77%，产品各项指标均符合要求。温室盆栽试验结果表明，该制剂500倍液处理能够有效防治黄瓜与番茄灰霉病，防效分别达到84.11%和75.15%，与对照药剂43%氟菌·肟菌酯（露娜森）1000倍液的防治效果无显著性差异（76.25%与84.85%），但显著高于2亿孢子/g木霉菌可湿性粉剂500倍液（62.71%与57.95%）。

Development of Bacillus subtilis BAB-1 Water Dispersible Tablet to Control Vegetable Gray Mold

Bacillus subtilis BAB-1 exhibited strong control effect on vegetable gray mold and powdery mildew. To improve the application potential, with B. subtilis BAB-1 as active ingredient, a formulation of strain BAB-1 water dispersible tablet (WT) was developed. The optimized disintegrant, binder and dispersant were screened by biocompatibility test, orthogonal test or single factor test, and the final formulation of 10 billion CFU/g B. subtilis BAB-1 WT was determined as 5% tartaric acid, 25% sodium bicarbonate, 0.5% sodium chloride, 5% lactose, 2% PEG6000, 4% NNO, and up to 100% by strain BAB-1 technical material. The quality of this formulation was satisfied with dispersion time of 272.17 s, pH 5.75 and suspension rate of 73.77%. Pot test showed the 500-fold aqueous solution treatment of BAB-1 WT could effectively control gray mold on cucumber and tomato with control efficacy of 84.11% and 75.15%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the control effect between the BAB-1 WT and the 1000-fold aqueous solution of 43% trifloxystrobin fluopyram (Lunasen) (76.25% and 84.85%), but significantly higher than that of the 500-fold aqueous solution of 2x10⁸ conidia/g Trichoderma WP (62.71% and 57.95%).