海藻酸钙微胶囊包埋IgY及其释放特性研究

卵黄免疫球蛋白(IgY)是一种高活性的口服抗体,与人体健康密切相关。为最大限度保留IgY的生物活性,提高其稳定性,以海藻酸钠为主要壁材,使用锐孔-凝固浴法包埋IgY制备凝胶珠。以包埋率和载药量为主要指标,利用响应面法探究IgY-海藻酸钙凝胶珠的最佳制备工艺,并利用体外胃肠道消化模型评估凝胶珠释放效果。结果显示:当海藻酸钠为28.30 g·L^-1,氯化钙为10.80 g·L^-1,芯壁比(质量比)为0.46∶1时,新鲜制备得到的IgY-海藻酸钙凝胶珠成型效果较好,包埋率为(53.30±1.55)%,载药量为(10.90±0.26)%。通过宏观形态观察,凝胶珠颗粒具有较好的圆整性和均一性,粒径约为(2.10±0.05) mm,硬度为(4 396.87±331.62) g。干燥后的凝胶珠在模拟胃液中2 h后溶胀度为0.94±0.39,IgY累积释放率约在(11.10±3.20)%,在模拟肠液中2 h后,溶胀度持续增加至4.81±0.32,IgY累积释放率达(97.10±2.40)%以上。因此,IgY-海藻酸钙凝胶珠在胃液中具有缓慢释放芯材的作用,IgY在肠液中能基本全部释放。

Study on calcium alginate microcapsule embedding IgY and its release properties

Egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) is a highly active oral antibody that is closely related to human health. In order to maximize the retention of IgY's biological activity and improve its stability, the natural polysaccharide sodium alginate was used as the main wall material, and the gel bead was prepared by the method of retination-coagulation bath embedding IgY. Taking the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity as the main indicators, the optimal preparation process of IgY-calcium sodium alginate gel beads was explored by the response surface method, and the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model was used to evaluate the release effect of gel beads. The results showed that when sodium alginate was 28.30 g·L^-1, calcium chloride was 10.80 g·L^-1 and the mass ratio of core to wall was 0.46:1, the newly prepared IgY-calcium alginate gel beads had good molding effect, the encapsulation efficiency was (53.30±1.55)%, and the loading capacity was (10.90±0.26)%. Through macroscopic morphological observation, the gel bead particles had good roundness and uniformity, with a particle size of about (2.10±0.05) mm and a hardness of (4 396.87±331.62) g. After drying, the swelling ratio of the gel beads was 0.94±0.39 after 2 h in the simulated gastric juice, the cumulative release ratio of IgY was about (11.10±3.20)%, and after 2 h in the simulated intestinal fluid, the swelling ratio continued to increase to 4.81±0.32, and the cumulative release ratio of IgY reached (97.10±2.40)%. Therefore, IgY-calcium alginate gel beads had the effect of slowly releasing the core material in the gastric juice, and IgY could be basically released in the intestinal fluid.