引导编辑系统的研究与应用进展

引导编辑系统是基于CRISPR/Cas9系统新开发出的一种基因编辑技术,可以精确实现12种碱基的互换、插入和缺失,并且不需要产生双链断裂和引入外源供体DNA。本文从基因编辑的发展历程、引导编辑系统的组成和特点、引导编辑系统的优化、引导编辑系统在动物和植物研究中的应用、引导编辑系统的设计和脱靶效应等几个方面详细的对引导编辑系统近几年的研究及应用概况进行了综述,为促进科研工作者了解引导编辑系统及进一步推进引导编辑系统在动物和植物科学基础研究和育种方面的应用提供参考。

Progress on Research and Application of Prime Editing System

Prime editing system is a novel CRISPR/Cas9-derived genome-editing technology, which enables all 12 base-to-base conversions, precise small insertions and deletions without requiring double-strand breaks or exogenous donor DNA templates. This paper gives a detailed review of the basic research in recent years from the development process of gene editing, the composition and characteristics of the prime editing system, the optimization of the prime editing system, the current application of the prime editing system in animals and plants, the design of the prime editing system and off-target effects. The information presented may facilitate interested researchers to understand the prime editing system and further promoting the application of prime editing system in basic research and breeding of animals and plants.