黄瓜细菌性角斑病拮抗细菌的筛选及其防治效果

黄瓜细菌性角斑病是近年来危害严重的黄瓜病害之一，严重时可导致黄瓜大面积减产。本实验室从黄瓜根际土壤中筛选得到一株对黄瓜细菌性角斑病菌有显著抑制效果的生防细菌ZF145。经菌落形态观察、生理生化测定、Biolog测定和多基因序列分析，鉴定菌株ZF145为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。该菌株在平板离体试验中的抑菌圈直径为5.60 cm，抑制率为62.22%；在盆栽和田间试验中，贝莱斯芽胞杆菌ZF145对黄瓜细菌性角斑病有显著的防治效果，盆栽防效为71.10%，田间防效为61.30%。平板对峙和双层培养试验证明菌株ZF145具有较为广谱的抑菌效果，可以明显抑制6株病原细菌和8株病原真菌的生长。综上，菌株ZF145生防性状优良，在植物病害生物防治中有一定应用潜力。

Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria against Bacterial Angular Leaf Spot of Cucumber and Its Control Effect

In recent years, bacterial angular leaf spot is one of the most serious cucumber diseases, which can lead to yield reduction in a large area. An antagonistic bacterium ZF145 with significant inhibitory effect on bacterial angular leaf spot was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of cucumber. Based on colony morphology, physiological and biochemical analysis, biolog analysis and multi-gene phylogenetic tree analysis, the strain ZF145 was identified as Bacillus velezensis. Plate inhibition test showed that the diameter of inhibition zone was 5.60 cm and the inhibition rate was 62.22%; but pot and field experiments indicated that the control effect on bacterial angular leaf spot was 71.10% and 61.30%, respectively. The antagonistic experiments showed that strain ZF145 had a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, which can significantly inhibit the growth of six pathogenic bacteria and eight pathogenic fungi. In conclusion, strain ZF145 had excellent biocontrol properties and had a certain application potential in biological control of plant diseases.