新疆栽培与野生一枝蒿粗多糖对口蹄疫疫苗免疫小鼠的佐剂活性比较

基于总物质量和多糖含量比较栽培/野生一枝蒿粗多糖（cultivated/wild Artemisia rupestris L.crude polysaccharides，CARCP/WARCP）作为口蹄疫灭活疫苗（foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine，FMDV）佐剂对小鼠抗体水平及T细胞亚群的影响，探究CARCP/WARCP的佐剂活性和安全性。CARCP/WARCP配伍FMDV肌肉途径免疫ICR小鼠，检测免疫后小鼠血清中FMDV特异性抗体及分型，脾中T细胞亚群比例，血清中IgE水平，观察临床症状和注射部位反应以及小鼠体重。结果显示，总物质量一致时，CARCP1/WARCP1均能极显著提高FMDV特异性IgG、IgG_2a反应（P<0.01），极显著促进脾T细胞CD3⁺CD4⁺、CD4⁺CD44⁺、CD8⁺CD44⁺CD62L⁺百分比（P<0.05），显著提高IgG₁、IgG_2a/IgG₁比值，显著促进CD3⁺CD8⁺、CD8⁺CD44⁺、CD8⁺CD44⁺CD62L^-比例（P<0.05），且除28 d IgG和IgG₁指标外，CARCP1的佐剂活性显著高于WARCP1（P<0.05）。多糖含量一致时，与FMDV相比，CARCP2/WARCP2均极显著增强了28 d IgG水平、IgG_2a/IgG₁比值（P<0.01），显著提高了21 d IgG、28 d IgG_2a及CD4⁺CD44⁺（P<0.05），且CARCP2/WARCP2之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。CARCP/WARCP没有引起小鼠脱毛等临床症状，也没有产生肉芽肿、肿胀等注射部位不良反应；CARCP/WARCP免疫后各组小鼠体重之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；各组小鼠血清均没有检测到IgE抗体（P>0.05）；这些结果表明CARCP/WARCP有一定的安全性。综上，当总物质量一致时，CARCP/WARCP均能增强FMDV免疫小鼠体液和细胞免疫反应，且CARCP的佐剂活性优于WARCP；多糖含量一致时，CARCP/WARCP作为FMDV佐剂的免疫增强效果相当，是安全佐剂候选物。

Comparison of Adjuvant Activity Between Xinjiang Cultivated/Wild Artemisia rupestris L. Crude Polysaccharides on Foot-and-mouth Disease Vaccine in Mice

Based on the total material quality and polysaccharide content, the effects of cultivated and wild Artemisia rupestris L. crude polysaccharides (CARCP/WARCP) as adjuvant of inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine (FMDV) on antibody level and T cell subsets in mice were compared to explore the activity and safety of CARCP/WARCP as adjuvant of vaccine. ICR mice were intramuscularly immunized with CARCP/WARCP combined with FMDV. Serum FMDV-specific antibody levels, T-cell subsets in spleen, serum IgE level, clinical signs, local reactions at the injection site and body weight after immunization were monitored. The results showed that when the content of total substance were the same, CARCP1/WARCP1 highly significantly improved FMDV-specific IgG andIgG_2aresponse, the percentages of T cell CD3⁺CD4⁺, CD4⁺CD44⁺, CD8⁺CD44⁺CD62L⁺(P<0.01). And significantly improved IgG₁, IgG_2ato IgG₁ratio, the percentages of CD3⁺CD8⁺, CD8⁺CD44⁺and CD8⁺CD44⁺CD62L^-(P<0.05), the adjuvant activities of CARCP1 were significantly higher than that of WARCP1 except the indexes of 28 d IgG and IgG₁(P<0.05). When the content of polysaccharides were the same, CARCP2/WARCP2 highly significantly increased FMDV-specific 28 d IgG, IgG_2ato IgG₁ ratio (P<0.01),and significantly improved 21 d IgG, 28 d IgG_2a,andpercentages of CD4⁺CD44⁺(P<0.05), there was no significant difference between CARCP2 and WARCP2 (P>0.05). CARCP/WARCP did not cause clinical symptom, adverse reactions such as granuloma and swelling at the injection site, no significant difference was observed in body weight after CARCP/WARCP immunization (P>0.05). IgE antibody was not detected among all groups (P>0.05). These results indicating that CARCP/WARCP has certain safety. In conclusion, when the content of total substance were the same, CARCP/WARCP could enhance the humoral and cellular immune responses of FMDV immunized mice, and the adjuvant activity of CARCP was better than that of WARCP; When the polysaccharide content is consistent, CARCP/WARCP as FMDV adjuvant has equivalent immune enhancement effect and is a safe adjuvant candidate.