“三位一体”视角下重庆库区水旱地分布格局及影响因素 |
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引用本文: | 赵浣玎,张仕超,涂又,文可可,余晨渝,熊熙. “三位一体”视角下重庆库区水旱地分布格局及影响因素[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(6): 1273-1285. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021111302 |
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作者姓名: | 赵浣玎 张仕超 涂又 文可可 余晨渝 熊熙 |
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作者单位: | 1.重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆 401331 |
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基金项目: | 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41971244)和重庆市科委自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0696)资助 |
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摘 要: | 目的 耕地“三位一体”保护实质是数量、质量、生态协同保护,且耕地具有类型与结构的差异。剖析耕地内部水旱地数量、质量和生态空间格局差异,找出影响不同区域水旱地空间分布的主导因子,为“三位一体”耕地差异化保护提供参考。 方法 以2018年土地利用现状数据和耕地质量等级评价成果为数据源,采用地形分布指数、景观格局指数和地理探测器研究重庆库区库首巫山县、库中万州区、库尾沙坪坝区水旱地数量、质量、生态特征及影响因素。 结果 ① 沙坪坝、万州和巫山水旱面积比分别为42∶58、51∶49和9∶91。水田(旱地)多分布于低(高)海拔、坡度缓(陡)、地形分布指数较低(高)地区。② 旱地质量等级沙坪坝 > 巫山 > 万州;水田质量等级沙坪坝 > 万州 > 巫山。③ 沙坪坝水旱地斑块密度指数分别为28.53和24.46,比其他两区高出10倍,巫山水旱地香农多样性指数分别为5.6和4.43,是其他两区的10倍。④ 乡村劳动力和坡度是影响库区水旱地分布主要因素。交互探测后,坡度、乡村劳动力对旱地的解释力分别升至1和2位;坡度对水田的解释力升至1位。 结论 生态涵养发展区的巫山和万州水旱地数量总体多但质量偏低,都市功能核心区的沙坪坝水旱地数量虽少但质量更优。水旱地分布受区域地形影响较大,应因地制宜、分区分类进行差别化保护。
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关 键 词: | 耕地质量 耕地资源 分布格局 影响因素 地理探测器 |
收稿时间: | 2021-11-13 |
Distribution Patterns and Influencing Factors of Paddy Field and Dry Land in Chongqing Reservoir Area in the Vision of Trinity Conservation |
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Affiliation: | 1.College of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China2.Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Georges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 401331, China3.School of Earth Sciences and Resources, Chang’ An University, Xi’an 710054, China |
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Abstract: | Objective The essence of “Trinity Protection” for cultivated land is the coordinated protection of the quantity, quality and ecology. Since cultivated land has differences in types and structures, analyzing of the regional differences in the quantity, quality and ecological spatial pattern of paddy field and dry land within cultivated land, and finding out the differences in the dominant factors affecting the spatial distribution of paddy field and dry land in different regions can provide a reference to the differentiated paths of the “Trinity Protection” for cultivated land. Method Taking land use status data and cultivated land quality grade evaluation results in 2018 as the main data sources, this paper used topographic distribution index, landscape pattern index and geographic detector to study the quantity, quality, ecological characteristics and formation mechanism of paddy field and dry land in the eastern part (Wushan County as the example), middle part (Wanzhou District as the example), western part (Shapingba District as the example) of the Chongqing reservoir. Result ① In Shapingba District, Wanzhou District, and Wushan County, the ratio of paddy field and dry land was 42:58, 51:49, and 9:91. The paddy field was mainly distributed in low elevated, gentle sloped, and low topographic distribution index areas. And the dry land was mainly distributed in high elevated, steep sloped, and high topographic distribution index areas. ② The quality of paddy field and dry land increased significantly from the first to the end of the reservoir, and the quality of upland land increased from Shapingba to Wushan. ③ The plaque densities of paddy field and dry land (28.53 and 24.46) in the Shapingba District were about 10 times higher than those of the other two districts, and the SHDI of paddy field and dry land (5.6 and 4.43) in Wushan County were about 10 times higher than those of the other two districts. ④ The paddy field and dry land in the reservoir areas were affected by many factors, among which rural employment personnel and slope factors are the main factors. After the geolocation probes interact, the slope and rural employment personnel on dry land were up to first and second place. The explanatory power of slope on paddy field was up to first place. Conclusion In Wushan country and Wanzhou district, the core area of ecological conservation and development, the quantity of paddy field and dry land is large but the quality is low. In Shapingba district, the core area of urban function, the quantity of paddy field and dry land is less but the quality is high. The cultivated land in each region is greatly affected by topography. So, it should be carried out by means of local conditional different types when they protect and restore the cultivated land, so as to stabilize a certain quantity and quality of paddy field and dry land. |
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