归芪益母复方制剂对产后奶牛瘤胃微生物和短链脂肪酸的调节

本试验旨在探究归芪益母复方制剂对产后奶牛瘤胃微生物和短链脂肪酸的调节作用。将19头待产的健康荷斯坦奶牛随机分为两组，对照组10头，试验组9头。试验组奶牛产后每天灌服归芪益母复方制剂500 mL，对照组奶牛每天灌服等体积饮用水，连续6 d。产后第7天晨饲前采集瘤胃液，采用16S rRNA高通量测序和GC-MS/MS靶向代谢组学技术对两组奶牛瘤胃菌群的丰度和短链脂肪酸的含量进行了测定。结果表明，与对照组相比，试验组奶牛瘤胃变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、Escherichia-Shigella属和拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)的菌群丰度极显著升高(P<0.01)，乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和Subdoligranulum属菌群丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。试验组奶牛瘤胃丙酸(P<0.05)和异丁酸(P<0.01)含量明显升高。本研究从瘤胃微生物菌群及短链脂肪酸角度揭示了归芪益母方对产后奶牛的保健机制。

Regulation of Guiqiyimu Compound Preparation on Rumen Microbes and Short-chain Fatty Acids in Postpartum Dairy Cows

This experiment aims to study the regulatory effects of Guiqiyimu compound preparation on rumen microbes and short-chain fatty acids in postpartum dairy cows. Nineteen healthy parturient Holstein cows were selected and randomly assigned to 2 groups with 10 cows in control group and 9 in experimental group. The dairy cows in experimental group were given 500 mL Guiqiyimu compound preparation everyday after delivery for 6 consecutive days, whereas the cows in the control group were given an equal volume of drinking water. The rumen fluid of each cow was collected before feeding in the morning at 7th day after delivery, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and GC-MS/MS targeted metabolomics technology were used to determine the abundance of the rumen flora and the content of short-chain fatty acids in the two groups of dairy cows. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing exhibited that the abundances of the Proteobacteria, Escherichia-Shigella and Bacteroides were extremely significantly higher (P<0.01), Lactobacillus and Subdoligranulum were significantly higher (P<0.05) in experimental group than those of the control group. Correspondingly, the concentration of propionic acid (P<0.05) and isobutyric acid (P<0.01) in experimental group increased significantly. This study reveals the health care mechanism of Guiqiyimu formulae on postpartum dairy cows from the changes of rumen microbial flora and short-chain fatty acids.