碳中和背景下畜牧业种养结合发展路径研究

随着我国养殖业规模化、集约化发展,畜禽养殖已成为农业面源污染的主要来源之一。畜禽粪污的资源化利用,既是保障畜牧业健康可持续发展的关键,也是实现生态文明建设及人类命运共同体可持续发展长期目标的重要举措。种养结合农业生产模式为实现畜禽污染控制与经济发展的协调统一提供了可行性。通过对畜牧业生产、加工、消费过程中的温室气体来源的分析,总结归纳畜禽养殖源头减量、过程控制、末端处理的一般性解决方案,为具有类似特点的农户、养殖企业和地方政府提供参考,以期提高畜禽粪便的资源利用效率,推进畜牧业碳中和。

Research on the Developmental Path of Planting-breeding Combination in Animal Husbandry under Carbon Neutrality Background

With the large-scale and intensive development of animal husbandry, livestock and poultry breeding has become one of the main sources of agricultural non-point source pollution in China. The resource utilization of livestock and poultry manures is not only critical for ensuring the healthy and sustainable development of animal husbandry, but it is also a vital step toward achieving the long-term goal to construct ecological civilization and build a community with a shared future for mankind from the perspective of sustainable development. The ability to achieve coordination and unity in livestock and poultry pollution management and economic development is made possible by the agricultural production mode of planting-breeding combination. Through analyzing the origins of greenhouse gases in production, processing and consumption of animal husbandry, this paper summarizes the general solutions of source reduction, process control, and end treatment of livestock and poultry breeding, in hoping to provide references for farm households, animal breeding enterprises, and local governments with similar characteristics, to improve the resource utilization efficiency of livestock and poultry manures, and to promote carbon neutrality in animal husbandry.