基于文献计量分析有机质影响土壤重金属生物有效性的研究热点和趋势

基于CNKI及Web of Science数据库，利用Citespace软件，对该方面的研究主要结构、研究基础、热点问题及趋势等开展分析，探讨有机质对重金属生物有效性的影响。以中科院为代表的中国研究机构对该领域的研究做出了巨大贡献，发文总量占31.8%。该领域大多数文献发表在Science of the Total Environment及Chemosphere等国际期刊。根据WoS文献共被引分析，得到该领域研究共识主要有三个方面：一是重金属形态对其生物有效性影响巨大；二是植物吸收、动物积累重金属与有机质及其他环境因素密切相关；三是有机质与重金属的相互作用如溶解-沉淀、氧化-还原等是影响重金属迁移转化及生物有效性的机制。根据关键词共现分析，得到该领域国际研究的热点类型共11类。通过WoS文献高被引文献分析，研究主要集中在不同来源有机质与重金属在固相、液相体系环境中相互作用，对重金属的活化或固定的作用机制及相关应用。根据关键词突现分析，该领域“大米”、“生物炭”、“修复”等是目前国际研究热点。

Research Hotspots and Trends of Organic Matter Affecting Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Soil based on Bibliometrics Analysis

  Objective  The influence of organic matter on bioavailability of heavy metals in soil is needed to be understood.   Method  Based on CNKI and the Web of Science databank, the main research structure, common foundation, hotspots and trends of organic matter affecting heavy metal bioavailability in soil were analyzed via Citespace software.  Result  The results showed that Chinese research institutes, represented by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, have made great contributions to this research field, with accounting for 31.8% publications. Most of the relevant literature was published in international journals such as Science of the Total Environment and Chemosphere. According to the analysis of WoS data, there are three main aspects of this study: (1) The form of heavy metals has a great influence on their bioavailability. (2) The plant absorption and the animal accumulation of heavy metals are closely related to organic matter and its environmental factors. (3) The interaction such as dissolution-precipitation and oxidation-reduction between organic matter and heavy metal is a mechanism affecting the transformation of heavy metals and their bioavailability.  Conclusion  Based on the analysis of key words, 11 kinds of hotspots were obtained in this field. The interaction between different sources of organic matter and heavy metals is focused in the solid phase and liquid phase system, and the mechanism and relevant application of heavy metal activation or immobilization. Given the key words, the “rice ” “biochar” “remediation” are the current international research hotspots.