陕西渭南抽渭灌区棉田需水规律的研究

冬、春灌的棉田,一般都能满足棉花发芽、出苗和苗、蕾期发育的需水量。春旱年份,高密度棉田、早熟品种先显旱。地膜覆盖有明显的保墒提墒作用。花铃期棉田需水量最大,常年气候条件下,需补充灌水70～80立方/亩,这是增产的关键措施之一。地膜棉田、早熟品种需水高峰期明显提前。吐絮期棉田一般不需灌溉,但个别秋旱年份,初絮期灌溉对创高产有利。在春旱情况下,提倡蕾期蓄水灌溉,但要注意控制徒长。

STUDIES ON THE LAW OF SOIL WATER REQUIRED BY COTTON FARMLAND

When cotton field was irrigated in spring or winter, generally soil moisture was enough to meet cotton germination and emergence, and also to meet cotton growth and development during seedling and squaring stages. In the field with close planting and early-maturing varieties suffered drought cotton field was depleted much earlier. When cotton field was covered with plastic film, more soil moisture was conserved. In flowering and boll forming stages, one of the key measures for increasing yield was to irrigate about 70~80m3 water per mu as this stage cotton required much more water than any another stage. The high peak of re-quirment for the soil moisture in the field covred with plastic film or with early-maturing varieties was earlier. In the boll opening stage, generally, there was no irrigation requirment. If drought took place in some autumn, it was necessary to irrigate early during this stage to get high yield. The irrigation at the squaring stage to store more water was proposed, but plant overgrowth should be controlled.