岩面和原始土壤微生物区系的研究

本文研究了原始成土过程中岩石表面和原始土壤的微生物区系。原始成土过程，是和微生物分布、活动紧密相联系的。岩面，主要是染有岩漆、生长地衣的岩面，以及原始土壤中，通常定居着大量的微生物。异养微生物中，细菌占优势，主要是产生黄色、橙色和玫瑰色色素的无孢子杆菌和球菌，霉菌和放线菌较少。微嗜氮菌和硝化菌广泛分布在供试样品中，而自生固氮菌和纤维分解菌只出现在南方石灰岩地区生长地衣的岩面及原始土壤中。微生物通过产酸，溶解岩体中的矿物，利用这些矿物作为养料。

A STUDY ON MICROFLORA OF ROCK SURFACE AND PRIMART SOIL

A study has been made of the microflora of rock surface and primary soil in the process of primary soil formation.The process of primary soil formation is associated closely with distribution and activity of diverse microflora.On rock surface,mainly stained with litholacquer,grown with lichens,and primary soil,there are usuallya great many microbes colonizing.Among heterotrophic microbes,bacteria predominate are mainly nonbacillary bacteria and coccus producing yellow, orange and rosy pigment.Moulds and actinomycetes are fewer.Oligonitrophilic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria are widespread in the tested samples;while azotobacteria and cellulose-decomposing bacteria are found only on rock surface grown with lichens and in primary soil in south limestone areas.The microbes can utilize some mineral in rock body as nutrients with the aid of produced acids.