Fecal microbiota and antibiotic resistance in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) from two captive breeding facilities in Italy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Small Animals, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Hospital Veterinário Universitário, UFSM. Avenida Roraima n° 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil;2. Department of of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E. Bairro Santo Antônio, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, CEP 89815-630, Brazil;3. Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, Prédio 18 – Cidade Universitária; Faixa de Camobi, KM 9; Bairro Camobi; Santa Maria/RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil;4. Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90035-003, Brazil;5. Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Campus Universitário, Camobi – Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 97105-000, Brazil;6. Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Hospital Veterinário Universitário, prédio 97B, UFSM – Avenida Roraima, n° 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 97105-900, Brazil;1. Servicio Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain;2. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain;3. Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain;4. CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain;5. CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Spain;6. Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain;7. Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain;1. Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1600 S. 16th Street, Ames, IA 50011, USA;2. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Virologia Animal, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil;3. Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;4. Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;5. Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China;6. The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK;1. Research Unit Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany;2. State Office for Agriculture, Food Safety and Fishery Mecklenburg-Western Pommerania (LALLF M-V), Thierfelderstraße 18, 18059 Rostock, Germany;3. Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 65, 14163 Berlin, Germany;1. University College of London, Institute of Orhopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Royal National Orthopaedics Hospital, Brockley Hill, HA4 7LP, Stanmore, United Kingdom;2. Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mimms, AL9 7TA, Hatfield, United Kingdom;3. Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Distrito de Rubião Junior, S/N. Caixa Postal 560, CEP 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo-SP, Brazil;4. Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Brasilia, L4 Norte, CEP 70910-900, Brasilia-DF, Brazil;1. Unidad Regional Universitaria Sursureste, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 7.5, carretera Teapa-Vicente Guerrero, P.O. Box 29, CP 86800, Teapa, Tabasco, México;2. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil km 15.5, CP 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, México;3. División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carr. Villahermosa-Teapa, km 25, CP 86280, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México |
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| Abstract: | The microbiota of the intestinal tract plays important roles in the overall health, productivity and well-being of the animals. We have characterized the intestinal microbiota of the ferret because its human cohabitation may increase the possibility of new zoonosis. The presence of anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria has been evaluated in fresh fecal specimens of 40 ferrets in apparently good health. The bacteria most frequently isolated were Clostridium acetobutylicum (25/40 samples, 62.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.81–76.83%) and Helicobacter spp. (16/40 samples, 40.0%; 95% CI: 25.28–56.61%), as anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria, respectively. The Kirby–Bauer disc-diffusion method showed penicillin, streptomycin and vancomycin resistances in high percentages (>80%) of the bacterial isolates, both in anaerobic and microaerophilic groups. Furthermore, the microaerophilic-bacteria group exhibited a significantly higher antibiotic-resistance profile compared to that of anaerobic-bacteria group. The presence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in the microbiota of the ferret gastrointestinal tract is a great concern for public health. |
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