秋水仙素诱导菊花变异的研究

以菊花干种子、萌动种子和双子叶期幼苗为材料,以秋水仙素浓度和处理时间为因子对菊花诱变进行了研究。通过统计成活率、诱变率研究了临界剂量和半致死剂量;通过观测气孔、花粉、株高、叶片、头状花序等形态特征以及染色体镜检,鉴定了诱变植株。结果表明:干种子、萌动种子和双子叶期顶端生长点的最佳处理浓度分别为0.5%、0.2%、1.0%,分别处理2、33、d时,变异率达到峰值,分别为77.1%、78.3%、66.3%。干种子、萌动种子和双子叶期幼苗的临界剂量分别为0.1%处理1 d、0.1%处理0.5 d及0.2%处理3 d,半致死剂量分别为0.2%处理1 d、0.2%处理0.5 d及2%处理6 d。对照植株体细胞染色体数目为4x+2,经2%秋水仙素处理12 h后,获得的典型表型变异单株体细胞染色体数目为7x-1。

Colchicine Induced Mutation of Dendranthema morifolium

Dry chrysanthemum seeds,sprouting seeds and dicotyledonous seedlings were treated with colchicine to find optimal concentration and treatment time on the mutation of chrysanthemum.The critical and semi-lethal doses were observed through survival and mutation rate.Mutants were identified through morphological features as pollen,plant height,leaf,flower,stoma,guard cell and chromosome numbers of root cells.The results showed that the optimal treatment concentration of colchicine to dry seeds,sprouting seeds a...