Laminitis: Risk Factors and Outcome in a Group of Danish Horses |
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| Institution: | 1. Hestedoktoren I/S, Kr. Eskilstrup, Denmark;2. Falsterbonäsets Hästveterinär AB, Skanör, Sweden;3. Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK;4. Equine Studies Group, WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Leicestershire, UK;1. WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, UK;2. School of Engineering and Computing, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, UK;3. School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK;1. Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK;2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow Veterinary School, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK;1. Equine and Livestock Nutrition Services, Pantfallen Fach, Tregaron, Ceredigion, Wales, UK;2. MARS Horse Care UK Ltd, Old Wolverton, Buckinghamshire, UK;3. WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire, UK;1. Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary;2. WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Melton Mowbray, U.K.;3. MTA-ELTE Comparative Ethology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary;1. School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States;2. Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States;3. Waltham Centre for Pet Nutrition, Waltham on the Wolds, Leicestershire, LE14 4RT, United Kingdom;4. Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Fredonia, NY 14063, United States;5. Canine Companions for Independence, Santa Rosa, CA, 95407, United States;6. Martin-Protean LLC, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States;7. Kinsey Institute and Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States |
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| Abstract: | Recent systematic reviews have highlighted the lack of quality information with respect to the epidemiology of equine laminitis. The objectives of this study were to identify in Denmark, the risk factors for new (i.e., not believed to have suffered from laminitis previously) cases of laminitis (NL) and to look at the outcome and incidence of repeated episodes of laminitis in these animals as well as those which had previously suffered an episode of laminitis (i.e., chronic cases) over the following 12 months. Information was obtained from 110 veterinary diagnosed cases of laminitis (69 new and 41 chronic) and 80 control animals (the next nonlaminitic horse/pony seen by that participating practice). All animals were followed for up to 1 year. Univariable and multivariable conditional logistic regression was conducted for the NL case-control pairs. Variables were retained within the final multivariable models if the likelihood ratio P value was <.05. There was no association between sex or gender and laminitis. A recent change of grass, being on what was considered high-quality grass and being a cold-blooded type, <149 cm (i.e., Shetland, Fell, Welsh, or Dartmoor pony, Icelandic horse, Norwegian fjords, or a mix of these breeds) were all significant risk factors for laminitis. Although cresty neck score and body condition score were significantly associated with NL at the univariable screening stage, they were found to be confounders of breed and each other during the multivariable model building process. Other factors such as weight and estimated starch intake were not found to be significant. Thirty-three percent of all the laminitis cases had been humanely destroyed within 12 months of diagnosis, mainly for laminitis-associated reasons, compared with only 7.5% of the controls (none for laminitis associated reasons). This study confirms the importance of grass turnout and breed on laminitis risk. Horses in work at the time of diagnosis as well as those diagnosed in the winter and spring were more likely to be humanely destroyed within the next 12 months than those not in work or diagnosed in the autumn and summer. |
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| Keywords: | Breed Pasture Change Grass Outcome |
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