洋葱春化处理及可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质变化规律的研究

目的]通过不同时期洋葱叶片中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质变化规律的研究,掌握洋葱在花芽分化和抽薹时期生理生化特性,进行初步的研究探索,为探讨洋葱未熟抽薹与其主要生理生化物质的内在联系做准备.方法]以新疆主栽品种白雪和金红一号为实验材料,测定其花芽分化时期和抽薹开花过程中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量的变化.结果]可溶性糖在花芽分化过程中逐渐升高,在花芽分化完成时抽薹期又下降,而在对照组鳞茎形成初期可溶性糖含量一直降低,后期又上升,当鳞茎停止生长时趋于稳定.在花芽分化和抽薹过程中可溶性蛋白质含量变化呈降低—升高—降低—升高的变化趋势,对照组则呈先上升—下降—上升的趋势.结论]可溶性糖既作为一种供能物质又作为一种信号传导物质,在春化作用中高含量的可溶性糖促进花芽分化,并为花芽分化和开花提供能量,在植物生长发育过程中,蛋白质主要作为催化各种生理活动的酶、细胞结构物质等,较高的蛋白质含量用以行使蛋白质的一些特异功能.

Research into the Change Rule about Soluble Sugar and Soluble Protein of the Bolting Onions and the Normal Ones by Means of Vernalization

【Objective】The purpose of this project is to grasp the physiological and biochemical characteristics of onions in the flower bud differentiation and bolting time for carrying out further preliminary study and exploration by means of research into the change rule about soluble sugar and soluble protein of onions'leaves,which might pave the way for us to find out the inner link between immature bolting and its main physiological and biochemical substance of onions.【Method】Snow and Golden Red No.1,the main onion cultivars in Xinjiang,were taken as experimental materials to determine the content changes of soluble sugar and soluble protein during the period of flower bud differentiation and bolting time.【Result】The soluble sugar gradually rose in the flower bud differentiation process,and declined in the flower bud differentiation complete stage,soluble sugar content of the control group first declined and then rose,and it tended to be stable when the bulb stops growing.The soluble protein content in the flower bud differentiation and bolting process was:reduce-rise-reduce-rise.But soluble protein content of the control group showed the tendency:rise - fall - rise.【Conclusion】Soluble sugar serves not only as a kind of energy material but also as a kind of cell signaling substances.The high content of soluble sugar promotes the flower bud differentiation and provides energy for flower bud differentiation and flowering in the process of plant growth and development.Protein acts as enzyme and cell structure material that can be used to various catalytic and physiological activities,so higher content of protein can perform some of the specific functions of protein.