新疆东疆玉米地叶蝉及其卵寄生蜂资源调查

目的]通过2010 ～2012年两年间对东疆地区玉米地叶蝉及卵寄生蜂资源调查研究,初步查明该地区叶蝉卵寄生蜂资源状况,为该地区叶蝉的生物防治提供理论依据.方法]在东疆地区调查了25个叶蝉大发生的玉米农田,并进行网扫采集,将采集标本带回室内进行镜检、挑拣、鉴定,统计分析采集点叶蝉和卵寄生蜂的种类及其数量.结果]玉米三点斑叶蝉(Zygina salina Mit.)在东疆的吉木萨尔县、奇台县有大量发生,大青叶蝉(Cicadella viridis Linnaeus)在哈密市有大量发生.初步调查东疆玉米农田缨小蜂科Mymaridae、赤眼蜂科Trichogrammatidae等卵寄生蜂资源十分丰富,共计13属.在玉米三点斑叶蝉大发生的采集点有大量的缨翅缨小蜂(Anagrus spp.)分布.在大青叶蝉大发生的采集点,有大量的柄翅缨小蜂(Gonatocerus spp.)分布.统计分析发现缨翅缨小蜂(Anagrus spp.)和玉米三点斑叶蝉、柄翅缨小蜂(Gonatocerus spp.)和大青叶蝉的发生成正相关.结论]东疆地区玉米地主要受到玉米三点斑叶蝉和大青叶蝉的严重危害,其卵寄生蜂资源较为丰富,通过继续深入研究其寄生生物学特性,可为这两种叶蝉害虫的生物防治提供基础数据.

Resource Investigation of Leafhoppers and Their Egg Parasitoids in Maize Field in Eastern Xinjiang

【Objective】This project aimed to provide theoretical basis for the biological control of leafhoppers by means of investigation of leafhoppers and their egg parasitoids in maize field in Eastern Xinjiang from 2010 to 2012.【Method】25 pieces of maize field in Eastern Xinjiang were investigated by sweeping. The specimens were taken back to the lab,sorted and identified under the microscope.Statistical analysis of species and numbers of leafhoppers and their egg parasitoids in collection sites was done.Result]The results showed that the leafhopper Zygina salina Mit.was abundant in Jimusaer and QitaiCounty,Cicadella viridis was abundant in Hami.Preliminary investigation showed that Mymaridae and Trichogrammatidae were the main egg parasitoids in maize field.Their resources were rich and altogether,there were 13 kinds. Particularly,large number of Anagrus spp.was found in the collection sites where Z.salina Mit.outbroke, and Gonatocerus spp.in the collection sites where C.viridis Linnaeus outbroke Statistical analysis showed that Anagrus spp.was positively related to Z.salina Mit.,and Gonatocerus spp.was positively related to C. viridis Linnaeus.Conclusion] The egg parasitoids resources of leafhoppers are abundant in Eastern Xinjiang region.Z.salina Mit and C.viridis Linnaeus are two important pests in maize fields and their main egg parasitoids were Anagrus spp.and Gonatoceru spp.respectively.Further study on the biological characteristics of the egg parasitoids will provide the basic data for the biocontrol over these leafhoppers.