盐度胁迫对三疣梭子蟹“黄选1号”血清部分生化指标的影响

为探明三疣梭子蟹"黄选1号"在盐度胁迫过程中血清生化指标的变化规律及特点,进而了解盐度适应过程中能量代谢机制,设置5、10、20和50共4个盐度组,以自然海水(盐度30)为对照组,进行三疣梭子蟹"黄选1号"盐度胁迫实验。结果显示,实验组血清葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)和总蛋白(TP)含量总体表现为先降低后稳定并显著低于对照组,对照组血清GLU、TG和TP含量在0~72 h内基本稳定,在整个盐度胁迫过程中,实验组血清GLU、TG和TP含量达到基本稳定后表现为与对照组盐度差值越大其含量降幅越大的特点。同一实验组三疣梭子蟹血清GLU和TP含量的最大降幅比TG含量的最大降幅大。各实验组血清GLU含量在0~9 h迅速降低,而血清TG和TP含量迅速降低发生在0~12 h。血清TP含量的最大降幅在盐度20实验组,但低于血清GLU含量最大降幅,在盐度5、10、50实验组内血清TP含量最大降幅高于血清GLU含量最大降幅。实验组血清尿素(UREA)含量总体表现为先升高后稳定并显著高于对照组,与血清GLU、TG和TP含量的变化趋势相反。盐度5和50实验组血清UREA含量相近,而血清TP含量则在盐度10与50实验组内相近。研究表明,三疣梭子蟹血清中GLU、TG和TP均与渗透压调节密切相关,在盐度适应过程中血清GLU和TP是三疣梭子蟹渗透调节的主要供能物质且血清GLU首先代谢供能,不同盐度下三疣梭子蟹血清GLU与TP对渗透调节供能占比有所不同,高盐环境中三疣梭子蟹血清自由氨基酸含量的部分增加可能来源于其他组织。

Effects of salinity stress on serum partial biochemical indicators of "Huangxuan No.1" Portunus trituberculatus

The swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) is a commercially important marine crab in China.It is distributed in China,Japan and Korea and has the largest production in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.It has the characteristics of fast growth,high edible value,breeding profit,etc.Salinity is closely related with osmoregulation of aquatic crustacean animal.Adaptation of aquatic crustacean animal to the changes of the salinity is mainly controlled by the osmotic pressure of the blood.The osmotic pressure level of the aquatic crustacean animal is mainly determined by the content of the inorganic ions and free amino acids in the blood.In addition,it is also affected by the metabolism of carbohydrate,lipid,protein,ammonia and other substances in the blood.In order to investigate the change regulation and characteristics of serum biochemical indicators of "Huangxuan No.1" P.trituberculatus during salinity stress,four salinity gradients (salinity 5,10,20,50) experimental groups and a control group of salinity 30 were set up in the experiment.The samples of the experimental groups were respectively taken at 3,6,9,12,24,48,72 h and the samples of the control group were taken at 0,3,6,9,12,24,48,72 h.The results showed that the values of serum glucose (GLU),triglyceride (TG) and total protein (TP) of the experimental groups declined firstly and then became stable,and were significantly lower than the control group.The values of serum GLU,TG and TP of the control group were stable during 0-72 h.While the contents of serum GLU,TG and TP of the experimental group were stable,the larger difference of the salinity between experimental and control group,the greater decline of the contents of serum GLU,TG and TP.Maximum decline of serum GLU and TP content was greater than the maximum decline of serum TG content.The values of serum GLU of experimental groups declined quickly during 0-9 h.The values of serum TG and TP declined during 0-12 h.The maximum decline of the value of serum TP was less than the maximum decline of the value of serum GLU in salinity 20 experimental group.The maximum decline of the value of serum TP was greater than the maximum decline of the value of serum GLU in salinity 5,10,50 experimental groups.The values of serum urea(UREA) of the experimental groups rose firstly and then became stable,and were significantly higher than the control group.The value of serum UREA of salinity 5 experimental group was near the value of serum UREA of salinity 50 experimental group.However,the values of serum TP of salinity l0 and 50 experimental groups were near each other.It could be concluded that GLU,TP and TG in serum of P.trituberculatus were closely related to osmoregulation.Serum GLU and TP of P.trituberculatus were main materials for energy supply and the serum GLU supplied energy firstly in the osmoregulation process.Partial content increase of serum free amino acid of P.trituberculatus could be derived from other tissues in high salt water environment.