施氮量与氮管理模式对超级稻产量和辐射利用率影响

通过探讨施氮量和氮管理模式对超级稻产量和辐射利用率的影响,为超级稻超高产栽培和育种提供技术措施和理论依据。以超级稻两优293为材料,于2007年在湖南浏阳进行大田试验,研究了农民管理模式、实地氮肥管理和实时氮肥管理3种氮管理模式、涉及7种氮水平(N0～N6)下水稻的产量及群体辐射利用率。结果表明:随氮肥施用量的增加,群体叶面积指数﹑干物质积累总量﹑产量﹑群体光合有效辐射截获量和辐射利用率都相应增加。处理N6水平(施氮量为210kg/hm2)下,产量最高,为9927.0kg/hm2,分别比其他处理高4.8%～33.5%,当施氮水平超过210kg/hm2时,不同施氮方法,处理产量和群体光合有效截获量反而降低;处理N6干物质积累总量和辐射利用率也最大,分别为1853.7g/m2和1.59g/MJ,显著高于其他处理。从而表明,施氮量和氮管理模式对超级稻产量和辐射利用率有重要影响,相同施氮水平下,采用实地氮肥管理更有利于产量和超级稻群体辐射利用率的提高。

Effects of Nitrogen Management Patterns on Grain Yield, Solar Radiant Use Efficiency in Super Hybrid Rice

Abstract：In order to explore the effects of different nitrogen management patterns on the solar radiation use efficiency(RUE) and yield of super rice, we used super hybrid rice Liangyou 293(LY293) as the experimental material, and three nitrogen management patterns(seven applied nitrogen levels, N0~N6)were designed as the treatments. The result showed that leaf area index,total dry matter, solar radiation use efficiency and yield of super rice were increased as applied nitrogen rate increased. Grain yield of N6 is 99270kg/hm2, about 48% to 335% higher than that of other treatments.But yield and interception photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR)amount of different treatments used different nitrogen management patterns decreased if applied N more than 210kg/hm2. There is an extreme significant difference of total dry weight and RUE between treatment N6 and other treatments.Total dry weight and RUE by N6 treatments were are 18537g/m2 and 159g/MJ, respectively, which were higher than that of the other treatments.