胚发育时间和禾谷镰刀菌粗毒素对小麦幼胚愈伤组织诱导及幼苗分化的影响

以3个小麦品种为材料,研究了幼胚发育时间和禾谷镰刀菌粗毒素对小麦幼胚培养特性的影响。结果表明,胚发育时间对小麦幼胚离体培养有较大影响,花后10~13 d的小麦幼胚诱导产生的愈伤组织质量较好,胚性愈伤组织诱导率较高,是适宜的取材时间;禾谷镰刀菌粗毒素对不同小麦品种幼胚愈伤组织、胚性愈伤组织和苗分化的影响趋势相同,粗毒素为6.0 g/L时,对小麦幼胚愈伤组织诱导有明显抑制,低于6.0 g/L时有一定的促进作用;粗毒素在0~6.0 g/L对胚性愈伤组织形成及苗分化的影响随浓度增高抑制作用增强,在6.0 g/L时胚性愈伤组织的形成能力较低或丧失;适宜的粗毒素筛选浓度为1.5~4.5 g/L。

Effect of Fusarium graminearum crude toxin and embryo development time on inducement and plantlet differentiation of calli in wheat young embryos culture

The effects of Fusarium graminearum crude toxin and embryo development time on immature embryos culture were investigated in three wheat varieties.The results showed embryo development time had obvious effect on immature embryo culture in wheat.The period of 10-13 days after blooming date was the optimum time for immature embryo culture,inductivity of embryogenic calli was higher and quality of callus was preferable.Effect of crude toxin were the same on callus,embryogenic callus and plantlets differentiation for three genotypes.When concentration of the crude toxin was 6.0 g/L,growth of callus were inhibited obviously,while the concentration lower than 6.0 g/L promoted the growth of callus.When the selective dose of crude toxin was in 0-6.0 g/L,formation of embryogenic callus and differentiation of plantlets were inhibited intensively with the increase of the crude toxin concentration.When the crude toxin was 6.0 g/L,formation of embryogenic callus was lower or even lost.The suitable dose of crude toxin was 1.5-4.5 g/L on selection of wheat scab-resistant mutant in vitro.