黄河河龙区间洪水泥沙关系分析

【目的】深入了解近年来黄河泥沙变化规律,保障引黄工程的安全运行。【方法】对2006—2015年黄河吴堡、龙门水文站洪水特征资料进行了分析研究,【结果】月最大含沙量大于10 kg/m~3时段集中在3月桃花汛和汛期(6—9月),汛期泥沙量远大于3月水平,同期龙门站最大含沙量水平高于吴堡站;洪水过程径流总量与含沙量相关性并不显著;河龙区间上下游泥沙输移过程存在一定相关性,但龙门站较吴堡站更多呈现自然河道属性。【结论】黄河突发增沙原因不只局限于洪水激增,黄河调水调沙等人类活动对水流携沙突增影响不容忽视。不同水文站局部性暴雨所形成的短历时增沙现象的水文系列过程呈现随机性。

Relationship between the Flood Cement and Cement Sand in the Yellow River Helong Reach Based on the Typical Sediment Content

【Objective】Research the law of sediment variation in the Yellow River in recent years and ensure the safe operation of the Yellow River diversion project.【Method】The analysis on the flood characteristics data of 2006—2015 in Wu-bao, Longmen hydrological station of the Yellow River were carried out.【Result】The period of the maximum sediment concentration which was more than 10 kg/m~3 concentrated in spring flood( in March)and flood season(from June to September), the sediment content in flood season was higher than the level of March over the same period, maximum sediment concentration of Longmen station was higher than the level of the Wubao Station. There was no significant relationship between the total amount of flood runoff and sediment;Helong reach downstream sediment transport process. There was a certain correlation, but the Yellow river near the Longmen station had more natural characteristics than Wubao station.【Conclusion】Flood surge was not only the reason of the sand increasing suddenly of the Yellow River, the impact of human activities on the sediment carried by water also could not be ignored. The hydrological series of short-duration sediment-increasing phenomena at different hydrological stations were random which was caused by local rainstorms.