保水剂不同施量对滑子菇和平菇生长的影响

水分是影响食用菌高产、质优的重要因素,目前我国食用菌生产中仍采用传统的补水方式,该补水方式易使菌棒受污染,且费时费力、成本高、用水量大,同时补水后菌棒内温度下降,影响菌类生长,从而降低产量。而保水剂作为一种新型高分子材料,具有良好的保水、保肥特性,并能够改善介质结构、增大孔隙度、提高作物产量等。【目的】探求促进食用菌高产与增效的新途径。【方法】以滑子菇、平菇为试验材料,在大棚内进行了保水剂不同施用量(0.5‰、1‰、2‰、3‰)下食用菌栽培试验,研究了滑子菇、平菇的生物学转化率、产量以及水分利用效率等。【结果】适宜的保水剂施用量改善了菌棒水分、氧气状况,促进了滑子菇、平菇各项指标的增加。其中,当保水剂施用质量分数为1‰时,滑子菇生物学转化率、产量及水分利用效率达到最高,分别提高12.05%、12.05%、12.33%;当保水剂施用质量分数为2‰时,平菇生物学转化率、产量及水分利用效率达到最高,分别提高48.24%、48.24%、31.91%。【结论】在滑子菇、平菇栽培基质中,建议保水剂施用质量分数为1‰～2‰。

Effect of Different Application Concentrations of SAP on the Growth of Slide Mushroom and Pleurotus Ostreatus

【Objective】This paper aims to explore new ways to promote high yield and synergy of edible mushrooms.【Method】Taking the slider mushroom and the pleurotus ostreatus as the representative, the experiment of edible fungi planting under different application concentrations(0.5‰、1‰、2‰、3‰)of water-retaining agent was carried out in the greenhouse, and the biological conversion rate, yield and water use efficiency of the slider mushroom and the pleurotus ostreatus were studied.【Result】The application concentration of suitable water retaining agent improved the moisture and oxygen status of the bacteria stick, and promoted the increase of various indexes of the slider mushroom and the pleurotus ostreatus. Among them, when the SAP was applied at a concentration of 1‰, the biological conversion rate, yield and water use efficiency of the slide mushroom were maximized, and increased by 12.05%, 12.05% and 12.33%, respectively. When the SAP was applied at a concentration of 2‰, the biological conversion rate, yield and water use efficiency of the pleurotus ostreatus were maximized, and increased by 48.24%, 48.24% and 31.91%, respectively.【Conclusion】In the culture substrate of the slider mushroom and the pleurotus ostreatus, it is recommended that the SAP should be applied at a concentration of 1‰～2‰.