4UZL-1型甘薯联合收获机刮板链提升机构设计与台架试验

针对4UZL-1型甘薯联合收获机作业过程中损失率大、伤薯率高等问题,本文在分析4UZL-1型甘薯联合收获机整机结构的基础上具体阐述其工作原理,进行该机弧栅交接刮板链输送机构的设计及参数确定,并依托该机和甘薯种植模式搭建弧栅交接刮板链输送试验台。以薯块提升输送过程中损失率和伤薯率为主要评价指标,开展以挖掘输送机构角度、刮板链输送角度、挖掘输送机构速度、刮板链输送速度、刮板角度和弧栅安装距为试验因素的单因素台架试验,并分析各因素对各性能指标影响显著性和影响规律及原因。试验结果表明,挖掘输送机构角度、刮板链输送角度、挖掘输送机构速度和刮板链输送速度对各性能指标影响显著,刮板角度和弧栅安装距对各性能指标影响不显著。当挖掘输送机构角度为24°、刮板链输送角度为60°、挖掘输送机构速度为1.15 m/s、刮板链输送速度为0.69 m/s时,弧栅交接刮板链输送机构效果较好,损失率和伤薯率分别为0.75%和0.13%。研究结果可为甘薯联合收获机的结构完善和参数优化提供参考。

Design and bench test of scraper chain lifting mechanism of 4UZL-1 sweet potato combine harvester

In order to solve the problems of large loss rate and high damage rate of 4UZL-1 sweet potato combine harvesters during the operation process, the working principle of 4UZL-1 sweet potato combine harvester was described in detail based on the analysis of its overall structure, the conveyer mechanism of arc grid handover scraper chain was designed, and the working parameters were determined. Relying on the machine and sweet potato planting mode, the arc grid handover scraper chain conveying test bench was built. With potato tuber of loss rate and damage rate in the process of transferring of potato tubers as the main evaluation index, the single factor bench test was carried out with the angle of excavating and conveying mechanism, the angle of scraper chain conveying, the speed of excavation and conveying mechanism, the speed of scraper chain conveying, scraper angle and arc grid installation distance as test factors. The significance of the influence of each factor on each performance index, the influence rule, and the cause were analyzed. The test results showed that the angle of excavating and conveying mechanism, the conveying angle of scraper chain, the speed of excavating and conveying mechanism, and the conveying speed of scraper chain had significant impacts on the performance indexes, while the angle of the scraper and the installation distance of the arc grid had no significant impact on the performance indexes. When the angle of excavating and conveying mechanism was 24°, the conveying angle of the scraper chain was 60°, the speed of excavating and conveying mechanism was 1.15 m/s, and the conveying speed of the scraper chain was 0.69 m/s.The arc grid transfer scraper chain conveyor mechanism was more effective. The loss rate and the damage rate were 075% and 013%, respectively. The research results can provide a reference for the structural improvement and parameter optimization of the sweet potato combine harvester.