| 日光温室不同栽培季节番茄的需水特性研究 |
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| 作者单位： | ;1.山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院;2.农业农村部黄淮海设施农业工程科学观测实验站;3.作物生物学国家重点实验室 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究日光温室不同栽培季节番茄(Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.)的需水特性,探明水分需求与环境条件、植株生长发育的关系,为精准灌溉提供依据。【方法】基于番茄对土壤含水率的生理需求,用称质量法和水量平衡法计算需水量,同时观测植株生长及环境因子变化,分析水分需求及其影响因素,构建了水分需求模型。【结果】冬春茬和秋冬茬番茄植株日需水量均呈先升高后降低趋势,秋冬茬需水高峰期出现时间早于冬春茬,但全生育期需水量低于冬春茬;冬春茬番茄日需水量变化主要与植株生长因素有关,包括叶面积和鲜生物量,而秋冬茬番茄日需水量与环境条件相关更密切,主要是日平均光强和空气相对湿度;分别建立冬春茬和秋冬茬番茄的日需水量模型,二者拟合效果均较好。【结论】冬春茬和秋冬茬番茄需水特性存在差异,主要影响因子分别源于植株生长状况和环境条件,冬春茬番茄需水特性主要与叶面积指数和鲜质量有关,而秋冬茬番茄主要与日均光照强度和空气湿度有关。
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| 关 键 词： | 日光温室 番茄 需水规律 环境条件 栽培季节 |
Study on Water Requirement Characteristics of Tomato Grown in Different Seasons in Solar Greenhouse |
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| Institution: | ,College of Horticultural Science and Engineering of Shandong Agricultural University,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】The water requirements of tomato(Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.) grown in different seasons in solar greenhouse were investigated to find out the relationships among water demand and environmental conditions and plant growth, and to establish water demand model for precise irrigation. 【 Method 】 Based on physiological demand of tomato for soil moisture, water requirements were calculated by weighing method and water balance method, plant growth and environmental factors were observed at the same time, water demand and its influencing factors were analyzed, and water demand models were established.【Result】The daily water requirements of tomato plants grown in both winter-spring season and autumn-winter season increased first and then decreased.The water demand peak of autumn-winter tomato appeared earlier than that of winter-spring tomato, but total water requirement of autumn-winter crop was significantly lower than that of winter-spring crop. The change of tomato daily water requirement of winter-spring season was mainly related to plant growth factors, including leaf area and fresh biomass, while daily water requirement of tomato grown in autumn-winter season was more closely related to environmental conditions, including daily cumulative light intensity and air relative humidity. The daily water demand models of tomato grown in winter-spring season and autumn-winter season were established, and both of them showed good fitting effects.【Conclusion】There are significant differences in water requirements of tomato between winter-spring crop and autumn-winter crop, which was mainly related to plant growth factors and environmental conditions respectively. |
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| Keywords: | solar greenhouse tomato water requirement environmental conditions cultivation season |
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