北京野生软枣猕猴桃果实品质综合评价体系

为评价北京野生软枣猕猴桃资源的驯化栽培价值,构建野生软枣猕猴桃品质综合评价体系,采集怀柔地区野生软枣猕猴桃11个样本的果实,以市售的栽培猕猴桃果实为对照,测定了单果重、果形指数、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、固酸比、Vc含量、总酚含量和黄酮含量8个果实品质指标,利用隶属函数值法对测定的8个指标进行主成分分析;测定果实的DPPH抗氧化活性,探究其与果实的Vc、总酚和黄酮类物质含量的相关性。结果表明:主成分分析将8个品质指标综合成3个主成分因子,前3个主成分的累计贡献率为84.71%,样本S9和S6的果实品质综合评价为优。DPPH自由基清除率与果实的Vc含量、总酚黄酮类物质含量的相关指数分别为0.783 5、0.897 2和0.004,说明野生软枣猕猴桃的DPPH抗氧化作用与Vc和总酚含量相关性高,与黄酮类物质含量不相关。野生软枣猕猴桃个体间果实品质差异大,评价果实品质的重要指标是果实的总酚含量、Vc含量、固酸比、平均单果重、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸。

Comprehensive evaluation system of the fruit quality of wild Actinidia arguta in Beijing

To identify wild Actinidia arguta resources in Beijing for domestication and cultivation,the criteria for evaluating comprehensively wild Actinidia fruit quality were established.Eleven samples of wild Actinidia arguta were collected in Huairou region to compare with kiwifruits from the market.The fruit weight,fruit shape index,content of soluble solids and titratable acid,solid to acid ratio,and contents of Vc,total phenolic,and flavonoids were measured.These parameters were standardized by subordinate function value analysis before conducted the principal component analysis.DPPH antioxidant activity of fruit was also measured and the relevance of DPPH antioxidant activity to contents of Vc,total phenolics,and flavonoids was explored.The results showed that eight quality parameters can be integrated into three principal component factors and the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components reached 84.71%,by which,the fruit quality of S9 and S6 were evaluated good.Related indices of DPPH free radical scavenging to contents of Vc,total phenolics,and flavonoids were 0.783 5,0.897 2,and 0.004,respectively,suggesting that DPPH free radical scavenging in wild Actinidia fruits had high correlation with the contents of Vc and total phenolics but not flavonoids.In conclusion,the fruit quality of Wild Actinidia arguta varied greatly.The important index for evaluating the wild Actinidia fruit quality are the contents of total phenolic and Vc solid-acid ratio,average fruit weight,and contents of soluble solids and titratable acids.