卫河水系新乡段历年不同水期水质变化分析

【目的】了解卫河水系新乡段历年不同水期和不同河段的水质变化情况。【方法】采用综合污染指数法对卫河水系1963—2018年的水质指标数据进行了计算,分析河流水质的时空变化特征。【结果】卫河干流8个水质站和共产主义渠干流3个水质站不同水期的综合污染指数不同。总体上,干流1980年以前综合污染指数较低,1990—2009年综合污染指数变高,2010年后综合污染指数降低,但仍高于1980年以前。支流7个断面的综合污染指数不同,并随年代变化而变化。水系中水库的综合污染指数最低。西孟姜女河和东孟姜女河主要受点源排污影响,综合污染指数最高。【结论】干流1990—2009年污染变严重,2010年后污染减轻。干流水质污染程度受不同水期的影响。水系中,水库的水质最好,西孟姜女河和东孟姜女河水质污染最严重。

The Tendency and Changes of Water Quality in Xinxiang Section of the Wei River Basin at Different Periods

【Objective】Study water quality tendency and changes in Xinxiang section of the Wei River Basin at different periods and reaches.【Method】We calculated enormous amounts of data over the past several decades by means of comprehensive pollution index method, then identify spatio-temporal characteristics of water pollutants.【Result】Comprehensive pollution indexes of eight water quality monitoring stations at Wei River and three water quality monitoring stations at Communism canal were different at different periods. Overall, comprehensive pollution indexes in the main river were low in the before 1980 s, and became higher in the 1990 s and 2000 s, and decreased in the after 2010 s, which was still higher than that in the earlier 1980 s. Comprehensive pollution indexes of seven tributaries were different, and changed with the time lapse. Comprehensive pollution indexes in reservoirs were the lowest. Comprehensive pollution indexes in West Mengjiangnu River and East Mengjiangnu River were the highest, which were mainly affected by the point source pollution.【Conclusion】The main river has been seriously polluted in 1990—2009, and pollution reduced after the 2010 s. Water pollution at different periods was different. In the water systems, water quality in reservoirs was best and that in West Mengjiangnu River and East Mengjiangnu River was the worst.