温室痕量灌溉条件下施肥量与追肥模式对黄瓜产量和品质的影响

【目的】探究痕量灌溉条件下适合温室黄瓜的施肥规律。【方法】采用对照试验方法,设3种总施肥量(高肥、中肥、低肥)和3种底肥与追肥比(K=0、1/3、1),共9个处理,分析了温室黄瓜产量和品质的变化。【结果】(1)在总肥量一定时,K=1/3有利于黄瓜增产;而K值一定时,高肥处理产量最高,中肥处理产量较低于高肥处理,但差距不大。(2)K值一定时,随着总肥量的增加,果实内可溶性糖和Vc量呈现先增后减的趋势,硝酸盐量一直增加,而可溶性固形物量在施中肥后增加趋势减缓;果实内可溶性糖、可溶性固形物和还原型Vc量在施中肥(T5)时基本达到峰值,且显著高于高肥(T8)处理;果实内硝酸盐量在施高肥(T8)时达到峰值;K=1/3时果实内可溶性糖、可溶性固形物和还原型Vc、硝酸盐积累量均高于K=1的。【结论】综合产量与品质各指标,施中肥且K=1/3为更适合痕量灌溉条件下温室黄瓜的施肥模式。

Impact of Fertilization and Top-addressing on Yield and Quality of Solar Greenhouse Cucumber under Trae Irrigation

【Objective】The objective of this paper is to explore the most suitable fertilization and top-addressing schedule for solar greenhouse cucumbers under trace irrigation.【Method】We investigated three total fertilizer applications: high, moderate and low fertilization; and three base fertilization to top dressing ratios: K=0,1/3 and 1 respectively; overall, there were nine treatments. In each treatment, we measured the yield and quality of the cucumber using the controlled test method.【Result】(1) K=1/3 was beneficial to the yield when the amount of applied fertilizer was the same; when K was the same, the yield increased with fertilization and topdressing.(2)When K was the same, the soluble total sugar and Vc content in the fruits increased first and then decreased while the nitrate content increased monotonically, as nitrogen fertilization increased. The content of soluble sugar, soluble solids and Vc in the fruits peaked in treatment T5 and was significantly higher than that under high fertilization treatment(T8). The amount of nitrate in the fruits peaked in the high-fertilizer application(T8). When K=1/3,the contents of soluble sugar, soluble solids reduced, and Vc and nitrate accumulation in the fruit were higher than that when K=1.【Conclusion】Moderate fertilization with the base fertilizer to top dressing ratio kept at 1/3 is most suitable for trace-irrigate solar greenhouse cucumber.