农美利等除草剂对水稻药害的研究

通过盆栽试验明确了农美利等６种除草剂对水稻的药害症状及其发展过程。同时通过对不同影响因子的研究,初步探明农美利对不同水稻品种产生药害的差异较大,其中粳稻品种表现的药害重于籼稻和杂交稻品种;农美利和苯噻酰草胺对１～３叶期水稻的药害重于４叶期稻苗;农美利、苯噻酰草胺及骠马对水稻造成的药害随用药量的加大而明显加重;土壤上有薄水层时施药,可减缓农美利药害;高温条件下,农美利更易产生药害;农美利在不同土壤上应用,水稻受药害程度也有所不同;初步明确安全剂可减缓农美利药害的发生。

Phytotoxicity of bispyribac-sodium and other herbicides to rice

In studies on phytotoxicity of bispyribac-sodium and 5 other herbicides to rice by pot tests in greenhouse, plant injury symptoms were described, poisoning process of rice by herbicides observed, and factors on the phytotoxicity assessed. Bispyribac-sodium is more heavily phytotoxic to japonica rice than to indica rice and hybrid rice, and 1 - 3 leaf-stage rice seedling is more vulnerable by bispyribac-sodium and mofenacet than 4 leaf-stage rice seedling. The higher dosage of bispyribac-sodium, mefenacet and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, the more serious the damage. Rice planted in different soil shows different degrees of pytotoxicity by bispyribac-sodium, and it causes less toxicity to rice ff there is a thin layer of water above soil during spraying, while the phytotoxicity occurs heavily at high temperature. The phytotoxicity of bispyribac-sodium may be reduced by a safener.