环尾狐猴和松鼠猴触达不同特征目标物的手偏好

以笼养环尾狐猴(Lemur catta)和松鼠猴(Saimiri sciureus)为研究对象,在国际上首次关注原猴亚目(Strepsirrhini)和新大陆猴(Platyrrhini)物种触达不同特征目标物(有生命目标物和无生命目标物)的手偏好表达特点。研究发现:(1)面对有生命和无生命目标物,环尾狐猴和松鼠猴均表现出个体水平上的手偏好,但无群组水平上的手偏好;(2)目标物特征和手偏好之间无显著交互作用。面对有生命目标物,环尾狐猴左手的使用频率高于右手,而松鼠猴则相反;面对无生命目标物,2物种左手的使用频率均高于右手;(3)面对各个类型目标物的手偏好方向和强度,物种间均无显著差异。关于环尾狐猴的研究结果在一定程度上支持任务复杂度假说、姿势起源理论和右脑半球假说,不支持工具使用理论;关于松鼠猴的研究结果在一定程度上支持任务复杂度假说和姿势起源理论,不支持右脑半球假说和工具使用理论。

Effect of Target Characteristics on Hand Preference in Ring-Tailed Lemurs(Lemur catta)and Squirrel Monkeys(Saimiri sciureus)

This study chose ring-tailed lemurs(Lemur catta)and squirrel monkeys(Saimiri sciureus)as focal species,and presented the first evidence on how target characteristics(animate and inanimate targets)influence manual laterality in prosimians and New World monkeys.The results showed that:(1)both species showed individual-level hand preference rather than group-level hand preference for both animate and inanimate targets;(2)the interaction between target animacy and hand use was not significant for each species;for inanimate targets,Lemur catta used left hand more frequently than right hand,while the opposite was true in Samimiri sciureus;for animate targets,both species used left hand more frequently than right hand;(3)there were no significant species differences in the direction as well as in the strength of hand preference for each type of target.The results of ring-tailed lemurs support task complexity hypothesis,postural origin theory and right hemisphere hypothesis to some extent,but do not support tool use theory.The results of squirrel monkeys support the task complexity hypothesis and postural origin theory to some extent,but do not support the right hemisphere hypothesis and tool use theory.