野生和人工饲养鳄蜥夏季行为时间分配及节律差异

为了探析人工饲养是否会导致鳄蜥(Shinisaurus crocodilurus)行为时间分配及活动节律发生变化,2019年7月在广西大桂山国家级自然保护区,通过布置监控摄像头对22只野生鳄蜥和44只人工繁育鳄蜥进行监控,记录2种环境中被观察个体在每个时段(1 h)内每种行为的占用时长,并对数据进行整理分析。结果显示:夏季行为时间分配方面,野生鳄蜥种群的移动、捕食及晒太阳行为时间占比极显著高于人工饲养个体(P<0.01);2种环境中鳄蜥的静栖和隐蔽行为时间占比无显著差异(P>0.05)。夏季行为节律方面,当气温较高时(13:00—16:00),人工饲养个体静栖行为占比为73.04%～82.82%,而野生个体多选择隐蔽(行为占比56.82%～62.88%);野生个体移动行为占比有2个明显的高峰,分别位于07:00(5.42%)和18:00(6.02%),而人工饲养个体移动行为占比仅有1个明显高峰,位于19:00(2.34%);野生个体捕食行为有3个高峰,分别位于07:00(2.35%)、11:00(1.70%)及17:00(0.98%),而人工饲养个体几乎没有出现捕食行为(全...

Comparison of Behavior Rhythm and Time Distribution from Wild and Captive Shinisaurus crocodilurus in Summer

In order to explore whether artificial breeding will lead to changes in behavioral time allocation and activity rhythm of Chinese crocodile lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus),the behavior of 22 wild adult S.crocodilurus and 44 captive breeding adult S.crocodilurus were monitored by preset surveillance cameras in Daguishan National Nature Reserve,Guangxi,July 2019.Individual behaviors were recorded at one hour interval in the two environmental settings to quantify time allocation on each type of behavior,and the data was organized and analyzed.The results showed that the proportion of movement,predation,sunbathing and other behavior time in wild S.crocodilurus population were significantly higher than that in artificially reared individuals(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in time allocation for resting and hidden behaviors between the two group individuals(P<0.05).In terms of summer behavior rhythm,when air temperature is high(13:00-16:00),the proportion of resting behavior in captive breeding individuals was 73.04%-82.82%,while the proportion of hiding behavior of wild individuals was 56.82%-62.88%.In terms of the proportion of time allocation form oving behavior,wild individuals had two obvious peaks at 07:00(5.42%)and 18:00(6.02%),while captive breeding individuals had only one obvious peak at 19:00(2.34%).In terms of the proportion of time allocation for predation behavior,wild individuals had three obvious peaks at 07:00(2.35%),11:00(1.70%),and 17:00(0.98%),while captive breeding individuals had almost no predation behavior(0-0.08%).The results showed that time distribution and rhythm of the behavior of S.crocodilurus were modified by captive condition.It is recommended to improve the breeding conditions and methods to reduce the behavior differences in between wild and breeding individuals.