基于生育期模型的鄂西高山地区辣椒种植研究

为了更合理有效利用山区特有气候资源，提高高山地区辣椒产量及菜农收入，利用2009—2013年在鄂西南山区不同高度不同时间栽培试验及同步气象观测资料，建立了基于光温效应的高山辣椒生育期模型，分析了开花结果期累计光温效应APTE与单株坐果数、辣椒单产相关性，以及鄂西南山区相关气候特征。结果表明，生育期模型对生育期推算明显高于有效积温的推算；单株坐果数、辣椒单产与开花结果期≥16℃持续时间、APTE有显著的正相关；鄂西南海拔800 m高度≥16 ℃持续天数最长，且无高温天气过程出现，1200 m以上高海拔地区辣椒适宜开花结果期短，800~1200 m是鄂西南山区反季节辣椒生产的最佳高度带。800 m以上的中高山地区可以通过保护措施提早辣椒开花结果，从而延长开花结果期，增加辣椒产量。

The research of the pepper cultivation in the mountain in the west of Hubei based on the growth stage model

In order to increase the yield of pepper cultivated in the mountain and farmers income by more effective climatic resources utilization , the growth stage model of a mountain pepper was constructed based on the effect of light and temperature, the correlation between the effect of the accumulated light and temperature APTE in the blossom fruit period and fruit number per plant, yield of pepper, and the correlation of the climatic characteristics of the mountainous in the southwestern Hubei has been analyzed based on the data of the cultivation experiment of different height and different time of 2009-2013 and the synchronous meteorological observation in the mountainous in the southwestern Hubei. The results showed that the length of the growth period calculating from the model was significantly longer than that of the effective accumulated temperature of the growth period; there were significant positive correlation between the fruit number per plant, the yield of pepper and the time of duration of the blossom fruit period when the temperature was over 16℃, and APTE; the duration days number of temperature ≥16℃ decreased 7.1 days/100 m in the southwestern Hubei, APTE accelerated declined in the high altitude area which altitude was over 1200 m. 800m-1200m altitudes were the optimum condition for the out-of-season pepper production in the mountain in the southwestern Hubei, the blossom fruit period could be prolonged and the yield of pepper could be increased by early blossom using protected measures in the middle height area where the altitude was over 800 m.