玉米丝黑穗病菌侵染抗感品种苗期叶片细胞结构变化

采用混合交配型菌液针刺茎基部法对2叶期高抗玉米自交系齐319和高感自交系黄早四接种玉米丝轴黑粉菌,观察苗期叶片形态及超微结构的变化。结果表明,齐319接种后叶片出现褪绿斑点,产生的侵染菌丝和冬孢子极少,集中分布在发病严重部位的细胞间隙中,植物细胞结构完整。黄早四接种后33%幼苗出现局部坏死现象,有较多的侵染菌丝及冬孢子产生,植物细胞结构遭到严重破坏,出现质壁分离,细胞壁折叠、消解,叶绿体片层紊乱、瓦解现象",花环型结构"被破坏。丝轴黑粉菌引起的苗期叶片表型及细胞结构在抗感品种间存在显著差异。

Changes of Cell Structure in Leaf Tissue of Different Maize Hybrids Infected by Sphacelotheca reiliana at Seeding Stage

To investigate the changes of Sphacelotheca reiliana on leaf morphological and cell ultrastructure of maize seedlings, the basal stems of two maize varieties, which were Qi319(high resistant to Head smut) and Huangzaosi(susceptible one) were inoculated with mating-type Sphacelotheca reiliana by puncturing. The results indicated that chlorosis spots were on the leaves of Qi319 after inoculation, only small quantity infection hyphae and teliospores were observed in the leaf tissues, which mainly distributed in intercellular space of host cells, the ultrastructure of leaves was almost intact after inoculation. But there were necrotic local lesions on the leaves of Huangzaosi seedlings (33%), and more infection hyphae and teliospores were observed also. The cell structure of Huangzaosi was damaged a lot, including plasmolysis phenomena, cell wall collapse, degeneration of chloroplasts, and the floral hoop structure was destroyed. The results showed that the leaf morphological and cell structure of seedlings changed to Sphacelotheca reiliana were significantly different between resistant and susceptible varieties.