甘蓝型油菜NEA胞质不育双低恢复系选育研究

NEA是笔者所在课题组在远缘杂交的辐射诱变后代中发现的一类甘蓝型油菜胞质不育新材料，叶色深绿，营养体旺，不育性稳定彻底，群体不育株率和单株不育度均达100%，完全不同于核不育、Polcms和陕2A。恢复源的寻找是NEA育种利用的关键。利用丰富的油菜地方种质资源、创新资源及引进资源，采取辐射诱变和广泛测交方式，发现了能恢复NEA育性的基础材料，进一步的遗传研究表明，恢复NEA育性的是细胞核内一对显性基因。利用含恢复基因的基础材料，进行广泛转育，正反杂交、连续回交、复合杂交、聚敛杂交、测交、连续自交、配合力测定、单株品质测试，选育出一系列稳定纯合的NEA胞质双低恢复系，如NR67、NR722、NR403、NR1917、NR9482。

Breeding of Double-zero NEA Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Restorers in Brassica napus L.

NEA is a new cytoplasmic male sterile material discovered by our research group in the radiated distant-crossing progenies, whose leaf colour is dark green, nutritive individual is vigorous, male sterility is stable and thorough, ratio of male sterile plants in colony and degree of single plant male sterility are all 100%. NEA is differed from genic male sterility, Polcms and Shan 2A completely. Discovery of restoring gene materials is the key to utilization of NEA in breeding. Utilizing plenty of local germplasm resources, created resources and introduced resources, the basic materials could restore NEA fertility were discovered, through radiat-inducing and test-crossing broadly. Further genetic research indicated that the NEA restoring genes were a pair of dominant genic genes. Utilizing the restoring gene materials, a number of NEA cytoplasmic double-zero stable and pure restorers were bred, through continuous back-crossing, compound-crossing, amass-crossing, test-crossing, continuous inbreeding, testing of compatibility, quality-testing of single plant, such as NR67, NR722, NR403, NR1917, NR9482.