中华长尾小蜂(Torymus sinensis Kamijo)的分布和生物学特性的研究

Torymus sinensis Kamijo(Hym.:Torymidae)是栗瘿蜂的专性寄生蜂,已知分布于我国的11个省(市、自治区)且在多数地区是栗瘿蜂的寄生蜂类群中的优势种。一年一代,生活史与栗瘿蜂吻合性极好。春天在寄生蜂类群中羽化最早,初孵幼虫具共寄生和过寄生现象,适当的加温可使越冬幼虫提早数月恢复发育。老熟幼虫形态特殊。幼虫期具4种重寄生蜂,即Decatoma concinna(Boh),Decatoma sp., Eupelmus urozonus Dalman,Ormyrus sp.。在我国分布的北限地区(如丹东),冬季低温可致越冬幼虫大量死亡。

STUDIES ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND BIOLOGY OF TORYMUS SINENSIS KAMIJO

Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hym. Torymidae) is a kind of mo-nophagus parasite on larvae of Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hym. : Cynipidae) . It distributes in 12 provinces and municipalities in Chinaf and is a dominant species among the parasites reared from the chestnut gall in most of the districts. It's life history coincides with that of host well, one generation each year. It is the earilest one of species which emerge from the chestnut gall in spring. It is possible to recover development in advance for a few months in overwintering stage by appropriate heating. Young larvae have synparasitism (with Euryioma rosae Nees) and hyperparasitism. Shape of matural larvae is special. Decatoma concinna (Boh. ) , Decatoma sp., Eupelmus urozonus Dalman and Ormyrus sp. are hyperparasites on it's larvae. Low temperature in winter has a great influence-upon surivial of it's overwintering larvae in northern bounded area of the distribution in China (e. g. Dangdong)