春大豆种子劣变的研究

用不同地理来源的９个春大豆品种，进行了两年春，秋两季播种，及播期与收获时期试验，研究种子劣变过程及其影响因素。结果显示：春大豆种子的劣变，收获前劣变起主导作用，高温高湿气候影响种子发育则为主要原因。收获前种子劣变并非真菌感染所致。播季间，播期间及收获时间不同，种子劣变差异显著，春播提早播种及秋播是获得高活力种子的途径。收获后种子劣变与贮藏条件有关，高温高湿加速劣变。干燥，密闭贮藏能减轻种子劣变速度，短期贮藏（９个月以内）减轻效果不显著，随贮藏时间延长（１２个月以上）则干燥贮藏显著减缓种子劣变。本文同时对种子劣变过程与生产高质量种子以及抗性遗传育种作了探讨。

A STUDY ON SEED DETERIORATION IN SPRING SOYBEANS

Nine soybean cultivars of South and of Northeast origin were grown in both Spring and Autumn seasons in 1991-1992 to determine the causes of seed deterioration.The results indicatedthat pre-harvest seed deterioration played a leading role in deterioration and was primarily due tophysiological factors caused by higher temperature and higher moisure conditions. The role ofpathogen infection in deterioration seems to be unimportant.There are differences of seed deterioration among cultivars and betwen growing seasons.Various storage methods had no significant effect on seed deterioration in short duration storage,but significant in longer duration stotsge.Furthermore,measures of production of good quality seed was suggested.