简化基因组测序技术在植物遗传分析中的应用

简化基因组测序(Reduced-representation Genome Sequencing,RRGS)是在二代测序的基础上发展起来的一种基于酶切手段对特定区域进行测序从而降低基因组复杂度的技术。此方法步骤简单,成本低廉,且不依赖参考基因组,便可获得全基因组水平的分子标记。本文总结了简化基因组测序的发展历程及其主要技术种类,归纳了简化基因组测序技术在植物遗传图谱构建、数量性状位点定位及群体遗传学分析等方面的应用价值。同时,提出了简化基因组目前在群体遗传学等分析中存在的缺陷及不足,以期为植物在遗传进化,性状定位等方面的研究手段提供参考。

The Reduced-representation Genome Sequencing Technology: Application in Plant Genetic Analysis

Reduced-representation Genome Sequencing (RRGS) is a technology developed on the basis of next-generation sequencing to sequence specific regions based on enzyme digestion to reduce the complexity of the genome. This methodological step is simple, low cost, independent of the reference genome, and enables molecular markers at the genome-wide level. This paper summarizes the development process and main technical types of RRGS, and sums up the application of RRGS in plant genetic map construction, quantitative trait locus mapping, and population genetic analysis. At the same time, the defects and deficiencies in the analysis of population genetics by RRGS are put forward, in order to provide reference for the research methods of plant genetic evolution, trait mapping, and etc.