DGT技术在测定汞离子及其化合物中的发展与应用

汞及其化合物是环境中关注度较高的具有较强神经毒性的污染物，但其在环境中的浓度较低，传统监测方法存在操作过程复杂、较难检出等问题。梯度扩散薄膜（DGT）技术作为一种快速发展的原位采样技术能够实现汞等多种重金属污染物的高效监测。本文详细阐述了DGT装置测定Hg的原理、材料的发展、应用场景和使用中存在的问题，并结合文献计量学方法梳理研究热点与不同国家/地区的使用情况。Hg-DGT材料发展经历了从单一材料到纳米复合材料的过程，本文重点列举了不同材料的使用条件。DGT技术的环境应用主要包括监测水体中各种化学形态Hg、监测土壤和沉积物中Hg的空间分布信息、对生物有效性评价研究及其与DIFS模型结合评估Hg迁移潜力。DGT技术在应用中主要存在溶解性有机质、生物膜、Hg纳米颗粒和边界扩散层的干扰。在系统性梳理之后，提出未来Hg-DGT发展的三个方向。

A review of the development and application of DGT technique in determination of mercury and its compounds

Mercury and its compounds are highly concerned pollutants with strong neurotoxicity, but low concentration of mercury in the environment leads to problems of complex operation which are difficult to detect in traditional monitoring methods. Diffusive gradients in thin-films(DGT)is a fast-developing in-situ sampling technique that can effectively monitor mercury and other heavy metal pollutants. The principle, material development, application scenarios, and existing problems of Hg measured by the DGT device are discussed in detail in this paper. Combined with bibliometrics to find research hotspots and the use of different countries/regions. Hg-DGT materials have been developed using single materials to nanocomposite materials, and the application conditions of different materials are listed emphatically. Environmental applications mainly include monitoring various chemical forms of Hg in water, monitoring the spatial distribution information of Hg in soil and sediments, evaluating bioavailability, and combining it with the DIFS model. There is mainly interference of dissolved organic matter, biofilm, Hg nanoparticles, and boundary diffusion layer. After a systematic review, three directions for the future development of Hg-DGT have been proposed.