基于SURFER技术的广西葡萄高温热害空间分布研究

高温热害是影响广西葡萄生产重要的农业气象灾害,分析广西葡萄热害发生频率以及空间分布,可为优化广西葡萄产业布局,趋利避害提供科学的决策依据。利用广西91个国家级气象观测站1961—2016年的气象资料,根据葡萄热害等级指标,计算出广西葡萄开花坐果期（4—5月）和成熟采收期（7—8月）高温热害发生频率,基于SURFER技术绘制出广西葡萄高温热害发生频率的空间分布特征图。表明成熟采摘期高温成为制约广西葡萄生产的主要气象因子,根据葡萄高温热害空间分布图,划分出广西无高温热害区、轻度高温热害区、中度高温热害区、重度高温热害区以及严重度高温热害区。成熟采摘期高温成为制约广西葡萄生产的主要气象因子,广西大部分地区集中在重度热害区和严重度热害区,加强对葡萄高温的防御,能够提升葡萄果实的品质。

Spatial Distribution of Heat Injury of Grape in Guangxi Based on SURFER Technology

Heat injury is the most important agrometeorological disaster affecting grape production in Guangxi. The authors analyzed the occurrence frequency and spatial distribution of grape heat injury in Guangxi, aiming to provide a scientific decision-making basis for optimizing the distribution of grape industry. Based on the meteorological data of 91 national meteorological observation stations from 1961 to 2016, the frequency of heat injury in flowering bearing period (April to May) and mature harvest period (July to August) was calculated according to the index of grape heat injury grade. The spatial distribution characteristic map of heat injury frequency of grape was obtained based on SURFER technology. The results showed that high temperature became the main meteorological factor restricting grape production in Guangxi. According to the spatial distribution map of grape heat injury in mature harvest period, the areas without heat injury, with mild heat injury, moderate heat injury, severe heat injury and serious heat injury were classified in Guangxi. Most of the grape production areas in Guangxi were concentrated in severe and serious heat injury region. Strengthening the measures against heat injury of grape could improve the quality of grape fruits.