青藏高原地区冷季补饲对牦牛生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

本试验旨在探究冷季放牧牦牛补饲对生长性能和血液生化指标的影响。试验选取健康牦牛120头,分为对照组（放牧）和补饲组（放牧+补饲）共8组,每组15头牦牛,试验期为120天,其中预饲期7天。结果表明,与放牧组相比,补饲组牦牛日增重均显著提高(P<0.05),并且,随着补饲量的升高,增重呈线性增加;补饲对放牧牦牛血液生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);补饲能量料每头牦牛每天净收入为4.93元,显著高于放牧组的1.69元,全期可比放牧组多收入388.80元。随着补饲料添加量增加,每头牦牛毛收入也显著增加(P<0.05),补饲0.4%混合料的净收入最高,较放牧组可多收入247.20元。综上所述,冷季对放牧牦牛进行补饲,不仅可以缓解由于饲料短缺带来的体重下降,并且对牦牛健康不会带来负面影响,同时可以提高牦牛养殖的经济效益。

Effect of Supplementary Feed on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices and Economic Benefit of Grazing Yaks in Cold Season

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementary feed on growth performance and blood biochemical indexes of grazing yak in cold season. A total of 120 healthy yaks were selected and randomly divided into 8 groups including 1 grazing group (control) and 7 supplemental groups (grazing + supplementary feed). The experiment lasted for 120 days with the beginning of 7 days for adaptation. The results showed that average daily gain was significantly increased for supplementary feed group compared to grazing group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the average daily gain was linearly increased with the increase of supplemental levels (P<0.05). However, serum biochemical indices were not significantly affected by supplementary feed (P>0.05), indicating that nutrients’ digestion and absorption were not negatively affected. There were significant differences in net income for energy supplement between supplemental group and grazing group (P<0.05), which was 4.93 Yuan and 1.69 Yuan per head, respectively, and supplemental group had 388.80 Yuan more during the total experimental period. Meanwhile, net income was the highest at 0.4% supplemental level, 247.20 Yuan more than the grazing group. In summary, the growth performance and economic benefit could be improved by supplementary feed without adverse effect on animal health in cold season.