一种并头黄芩新变种研究

本研究确定一种在河北省小五台山地区出现的白色花冠并头黄芩是一个未被记录的新变种,可以给植物花色遗传变异研究提供新的案例。研究通过资料查询、实地踏查和实验室测定,在河北小五台自然保护区实地调查新变种与原变种的生境条件、分布状况等;实验室测定比对新变种与原变种的黄酮类物质含量和叶绿素含量。通过3年的调查和测定,白色花冠并头黄芩与分布在附近的并头黄芩在花冠颜色上有明显差异,白色花冠可以稳定遗传;白色花冠并头黄芩叶片颜色稍淡,叶绿素含量略低于原变种;黄酮类物质含量约是原变种的1.4倍;白色花冠并头黄芩侧枝细弱、侧根较多细长,与附近并头黄芩侧枝和侧根较少且粗壮有明显差别。经过资料查询及走访咨询,均未查询到白色花冠并头黄芩的资料,白色花冠并头黄芩种群分布特征不符合隐性基因表达的遗传规律,也没有其他杂合体的出现,且与《四川植物志》记录的白花黄芩和《中国植物志》、《河北植物志》报告的4种并头黄芩变种有明显差别,因此,白色花冠并头黄芩是一个新变种,命名为白花并头黄芩(Scutellaria scordifolia var. white corolla),新变种分布在小五台山山涧口东沟。

A New Variety of Scutellaria scordifolia

This study is to determine a new variety of Scutellaria scordifolia with white corolla, which is found in Xiaowutai Mountain area of Hebei Province and not recorded before. The new variety can provide a new case for the genetic variation research of plant flower color. Through information inquiry, field visit and laboratory determination, the habitat conditions and distribution of the new variety and the original variant were investigated in Xiaowutai Mountain Nature Reserve of Hebei Province. The flavonoid content and chlorophyll content of the new variety and the original variant were compared and determined in laboratory. By 3 years’ study, we found that there were obvious differences in corolla color between S. scordifolia with white corolla and S. scordifolia distributed nearby, and white corolla could be inherited stably. The leaf color of S. scordifolia with white corolla was slightly lighter, and the chlorophyll content was slightly lower than that of the original variant. The content of flavonoids was about 1.4 times that of the original variant. The S. scordifolia with white corolla had thin and weak lateral branches and more slender lateral roots, significantly different from those of the nearby S. scordifolia, which had fewer and stronger lateral branches and lateral roots. According to information inquiry and field visit, no record on S. scordifolia with white corolla was found. The population distribution characteristics of S. scordifolia with white corolla do not conform to the genetic law of recessive gene expression, and there are no other heterozygotes. S. scordifolia with white corolla is obviously different from S. spectabilis recorded in Flora of Sichuan and four varieties of S. scordifolia reported by Flora of China and Flora of Hebei. Therefore, the S. scordifolia with white corolla is a new variety, and is named S. scordifolia var. white corolla. The new variety is distributed in Donggou at Shanjiankou in Xiaowutai Mountain area.