长江经济带农业投入产出的能值结构、效率及其驱动因素研究

长江经济带是中国经济社会发展水平较高的战略发展区域,现代化的农业生产方式为农业土地的可持续利用带来严重的压力,本研究旨在为长江经济带高质量、绿色发展提供科学依据、数据支撑与合理建议。本研究基于能值分析方法,通过对长江经济带2010—2018年投入产出项目计算并构建能值效率指标体系,对该地区农业投入产出的能值结构和效率进行深入研究。结果表明,长江经济带在2010—2018年间总能值投入和总能值产出均呈上升趋势,总能值产出始终低于投入,不可更新工业辅助能投入占比较高,农业土地利用结构不合理,资源利用效率较低,农业系统到2018年已发展为轻度不可持续状态,其中在这9年间对农业可持续状况影响最大的因素是投入结构。因此长江经济带需要积极调整农业投入结构,减小对外界辅助能值尤其是不可更新工业辅助能的依赖,提高资源利用效率,才能最终实现农业的可持续发展。

Emergy Structure,Efficiency and Driving Factors of Agricultural Input and Output in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

The Yangtze River Economic Belt is a strategic development area with a high level of economic and social development in China. The modern agricultural production mode has brought serious pressure on the sustainable use of agricultural land. This study aims to provide scientific basis, data support and reasonable suggestions for the high-quality and green development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Based on the method of emergy analysis, this study calculated and constructed the emergy efficiency index system for the input-output projects of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2018, and made an in-depth study on the emergy structure and efficiency of agricultural input-output in this region. The results showed that the total emergy input and total emergy output of the Yangtze River Economic Belt had an upward trend from 2010 to 2018, the total emergy output was always lower than the input, the input of non-renewable industrial auxiliary emergy was relatively high, the agricultural land use structure was unreasonable, the resource utilization efficiency was low, and the agricultural system had developed into a slightly unsustainable state by 2018, Among them, the input structure was the most important factor to affect the sustainable development of agriculture in these nine years. Therefore, the Yangtze River Economic Belt needs to actively adjust the agricultural input structure, reduce the dependence on external auxiliary emergy, especially the non-renewable industrial auxiliary emergy, and improve the efficiency of resource utilization, so as to realize the sustainable development of agriculture.