合作社成员资格对雪茄烟叶种植经济效益的影响——以四川什邡为例

随着国产雪茄消费和生产的强劲发展态势,雪茄烟叶原料生产组织模式的创新与转型,是推动烟叶优质高效供给的重要课题。本研究基于四川什邡实地调研数据,从农民专业合作社角度考察合作社成员资格对农户雪茄烟叶种植经济效益的影响。结果表明：（1）从统计结果看,雪茄烟叶种植单位产量和单位产值分别在种植规模为[0.2,0.267）hm²和（0,0.133）hm²的区间最高;（0,0.133）hm²和[0.2,0.267）hm²分别是雪茄烟叶单位低成本和单位高收益的种植规模区间。（2）从实证结果看,加入合作社对农户雪茄烟叶种植的单位产量有显著促进作用,且对低收入农户的影响更大;加入合作社对雪茄烟叶种植的单位产值提高、单位收益提高和单位成本降低均有正向影响,但不显著。雪茄烟叶生产中烟农加入合作社对促进提质增效,保证烟叶稳定供给有益。各烟区应该适宜发挥合作社的组织优势,优化生产组织结构,同时进一步规范烟草行业合作社的发展,使之与农业经济整体发展同步。

The Impact of Cooperative Membership on the Economic Benefits of Cigar Leaf Cultivation: A Case of Shifang in Sichuan Province

With the strong development trend of domestic cigar production and consumption, the innovation and transformation of the organization mode of cigar tobacco leaf raw material production is an important issue to promote the high-quality and high-efficient supply of tobacco leaves. Based on the field research data of Shifang in Sichuan Province, this study examined the impact of cooperative membership on the economic benefits of cigar leaf cultivation from the perspective of farmers’ professional cooperatives. The results show that:（1）from the statistical results, cigar leaf planting unit yield and unit output value in the planting scale of (0.2, 0.267) hm² and (0, 0.133) hm² are respectively the highest; and (0, 0.133) hm² and (0.2, 0.267) hm² are the unit low-cost and unit high-income planting scale ranges for cigar leaf, respectively;（2）from the empirical results, joining cooperatives has a significant effect on increasing the unit yield of cigar leaf cultivation for farmers, and has a greater impact on low-income farmers; positive effects on increasing unit output value and unit income and decreasing unit cost are observed, but the effects are not significant. In summary, the participation of tobacco farmers in the production cooperatives is beneficial to promoting quality efficiency and ensuring the stable supply of tobacco leaves. All tobacco areas should give full play to the organizational advantages of cooperatives, optimize the organizational structure of production, and further regulate the development of cooperatives in tobacco industry, so that they can keep pace with the overall development of agricultural economy.